SEX-RATIO TRAIT IN DROSOPHILA-PSEUDOOBSCURA - FERTILITY RELATIONS OF MALES AND MEIOTIC DRIVE
SEX-RATIO TRAIT IN DROSOPHILA-PSEUDOOBSCURA - FERTILITY RELATIONS OF MALES AND MEIOTIC DRIVE
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DOI：
10.1086/283255
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发表时间：
1978-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
BECKENBACH, AT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BECKENBACH, AT
处女雌性分别与SR（“性别比例”多态性）或ST（标准）雄性进行一次交配，分别保持处女状态3天，并通过每天的卵数来确定其繁殖力。两组之间的日产蛋量和后代从卵到成虫的存活率均无差异。在整个实验过程中，只有雌性在这些参数上明显优于雄性。SR和ST雄性之间的育性差异不是无条件的。作为处女的雄性在不同时期的生育能力是由它们在短时间内与尽可能多的处女交配来决定的。时间从3-8小时不等，取决于男性的年龄。在羽化后20 ~ 33 h， SR雄虫的育性低于同年龄ST雄虫。在4天大的雄性中，差异就不那么明显了。当4日龄的雄性重复交配耗尽了它们的精子储存后，在休息12小时后重新测试，SR雄性的生育能力再次低于ST雄性。SR雄性的生育能力下降只发生在成年后的头几天或多次交配后。研究了不同授精程度对可育卵产生模式的影响，将未授精的雌性与未授精的雄性（重度授精）或精囊部分耗尽的雄性（轻度授精）交配。在繁殖初期，两组间的受精率和孵化率均无差异，但轻度授精组的受精率比重度授精组下降得更快。这种反应将使雄性繁殖能力差异对种群的影响最小化，除非雌性繁殖。在雌性交配之前，SR和ST雄性之间的条件育力差异显然没有什么影响。根据停留时间的不同，减数分裂驱动的表达量可能有很大的范围。
Virgin females were mated once to either SR ["sex-ratio" polymorphism] or ST (standard) males aged as virgins for 3 days, and their fecundities were determined by daily egg counts. No differences were found between the 2 groups in either daily egg production or egg-to-adult survival of the progenies. Only females maintained with males throughout the experiment were clearly superior in these parameters. No fertility differences between SR and ST males are unconditional. Fertilities of males aged for varying lengths of time as virgins were determined by mating them to as many virgin females as they would inseminate in a brief span of time. Time periods ranged from 3-8 h, depending on the ages of the males. Fertility of the SR males was lower than that of ST males of the same age for males aged 20-33 h from eclosion. Differences in 4 day old males were not so clear. When 4 day old males which had depleted their stores of sperm by repeated matings were retested after 12 h of rest, SR males again showed lower fertility than ST males. The fertility reduction of SR males occurs only during the 1st few days as adults or after repeated matings. The effect of different degrees of insemination on the pattern of production of fertile eggs was examined by mating virgin females to males which were either virgin (heavy insemination) or with seminal vesicles partially depleted by 3 previous matings (light insemination). No differences in either fecundity or hatchability between the groups were observed early in the reproductive period, but the hatchability of the eggs produced by the lightly inseminated females declined sooner than that of the heavily inseminated group. This response would minimize the populational consequences of fertility differences in males unless the females remate. The conditional fertility differences between SR and ST males are evidently of little consequence until the females remate. Depending on the time of remating, there is potentially a wide range in the amount of meiotic drive expressed.