Probing the extent of the non-thermal emission from the Vela X region at TeV energies with H.E.S.S.
Probing the extent of the non-thermal emission from the Vela X region at TeV energies with H.E.S.S.
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DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/201219919
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发表时间：
2012-10
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
A. Abramowski;F. Acero;F. Aharonian;A. Akhperjanian;G. Anton;S. Balenderan;A. Balzer;A. Barnacka;Y. Becherini;J. Tjus;K. Bernlohr;E. Birsin;J. Biteau;A. Bochow;C. Boisson;J. Bolmont;P. Bordas;J. Brucker;F. Brun;P. Brun;T. Bulik;S. Carrigan;S. Casanova;M. Cerruti;P. Chadwick;A. Charbonnier;R. Chaves;A. Cheesebrough;G. Cologna;J. Conrad;Camille Couturier;M. Dalton;M. Daniel;I. Davids;B. Degrange;C. Deil;P. deWilt;H. Dickinson;A. Djannati-Atai;W. Domainko;L. Drury;F. Dubois;G. Dubus;K. Dutson;J. Dyks;M. Dyrda;K. Egberts;P. Eger;P. Espigat;L. Fallon;C. Farnier;S. Fegan;F. Feinstein;M. V. Fernandes;D. Fernandez;A. Fiasson;G. Fontaine;A. Forster;M. Fussling;M. Gajdus;Y. Gallant;T. Garrigoux;H. Gast;B. Giebels;J. Glicenstein;B. Gluck;D. Goring;M. Grondin;S. Haffner;J. Hague;J. Hahn;D. Hampf;J. Harris;S. Heinz;G. Heinzelmann;G. Henri;G. Hermann;A. Hillert;J. Hinton;W. Hofmann;P. Hofverberg;M. Holler;D. Horns;A. Jacholkowska;C. Jahn;M. Jamrozy;I. Jung;M. Kastendieck;K. Ski;U. Katz;S. Kaufmann;B. Kh'elifi;D. Klochkov;W. K. niak;T. Kneiske;N. Komin;K. Kosack;R. Kossakowski;F. Krayzel;P. Kruger;H. Laffon;G. Lamanna;J. Lenain;D. Lennarz;T. Lohse;A. Lopatin;C.-C. Lu-C.;V. Marandon;A. Marcowith;J. Masbou;G. Maurin;N. Maxted;M. Mayer;T.J.L. McCom;M. C. Medina;J. M'ehault;U. Menzler;R. Moderski;M. Mohamed;E. Moulin;C. Naumann;M. Naumann-Godo;M. deNaurois;D. Nedbal;N. Nguyen;J. Niemiec;S. Nolan;S. Ohm;E. D. aWilhelmi;B. Opitz;M. Ostrowski;I. Oya;M. Panter;D. Parsons;M. PazArribas;N. Pekeur;G. Pelletier;J. Pérez;P. Petrucci;B. Peyaud;S. Pita;G. Puhlhofer;M. Punch;A. Quirrenbach;M. Raue;A. Reimer;O. Reimer;M. Renaud;R. DeLosReyes;F. Rieger;J. Ripken;L. Rob;S. Rosier-Lees;G. Rowell;B. Rudak;C. Rulten;V. Sahakian;D. Sanchez;A. Santangelo;R. Schlickeiser;A. Schulz;U. Schwanke;S. Schwarzburg;S. Schwemmer;F. Sheidaei;J. Skilton;H. Sol;G. Spengler;L. Stawarz;R. Steenkamp;C. Stegmann;F. Stinzing;K. Stycz;I. Sushch;A. Szóstek;J. Tavernet;R. Terrier;M. Tluczykont;C. Trichard;K. Valerius;C. VanEldik;G. Vasileiadis;C. Venter;A. Viana;P. Vincent;H. Volk;F. Volpe;S. Vorobiov;M. Vorster;S. Wagner;M. Ward;R. White;A. Wierzcholska;D. Wouters;M. Zacharias;A. Zajczyk;A. Zdziarski;A. Zech;H. Hamburg;I. Experimentalphysik;Luruper Chaussee;Hamburg;H Germany;Laboratoire univers et particules de Montpellier;2. Universit'eMontpellier;5. MontpellierCedex;France.;M. Kernphysik;Heidelberg;Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies;Dublin.;Ireland;N. Armenia;Yerevan;Yerevan Physics Institute;Armenia;Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg;P. Institut;Erwin-Rommel-Str.;Erlangen;U. Durham;D. Physics;U.K.;N. A. Center;Warsaw;Poland;C. Saclay;DSMIrfu;F. Cedex;Apc;Astroparticule et Cosmologie;U. Diderot;L. Leprince-Ringuet;E. Polytechnique;I. T. Physik;Lehrstuhl IV Weltraum und Astrophysik;Ruhr-Universitát Bochum;I. Physik;H. Berlin;Berlin;Luth;O. Paris;Cnrs;Lpnhe;6. Universit'ePierreetMarieCurieParis;7. Universit'eDenisDiderotParis;I. F. A. U. Astrophysik;U. Tubingen;Tubingen;Astronomical Observatory;The University of Warsaw;Unit for Space Physics;North-West University;Potchefstroom;S. Africa;Landessternwarte;U. Heidelberg;Konigstuhl;Oskar Klein Centre;S. University;Albanova University Center;Stockholm;Sweden.;1. Universit'eBordeaux;Centre d'Etudes Nucl'eaires de Bordeaux Gradignan;Funded by contract ERC-StG-259391 from the European Community-Funded-by-contract-ERC-StG-259391-from-the-European-1387923273;University of Namibia;Windhoek;Namibia;School of ChemistryPhysics;U. Adelaide;Australia.;UJF-Grenoble 1 CNRS-INSU;I. France;Astronomy;T. U. O. Leicester;University Road;Leicester;United Kingdom.;Instytut Fizyki Jcadrowej Pan;Krak'ow;Institut fur Teilchenphysik;Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck;Austria;Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules-Laboratoire-d'Annecy-le-Vieux-de-Physique-des-134323232;Universit'e de Savoie;Obserwatorium Astronomiczne;Uniwersytet Jagiello'nski;Toru'n Centre for Astronomy;N. C. University;Charles University;Faculty of Mathematics;Physics;Institute of Particle;N. Physics;2. VHolevsovivck'ach;Czech Republic;S. O. PhysicsAstronomy;U. Leeds;Leeds;UK.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Abramowski;F. Acero;F. Aharonian;A. Akhperjanian;G. Anton;S. Balenderan;A. Balzer;A. Barnacka;Y. Becherini;J. Tjus;K. Bernlohr;E. Birsin;J. Biteau;A. Bochow;C. Boisson;J. Bolmont;P. Bordas;J. Brucker;F. Brun;P. Brun;T. Bulik;S. Carrigan;S. Casanova;M. Cerruti;P. Chadwick;A. Charbonnier;R. Chaves;A. Cheesebrough;G. Cologna;J. Conrad;Camille Couturier;M. Dalton;M. Daniel;I. Davids;B. Degrange;C. Deil;P. deWilt;H. Dickinson;A. Djannati-Atai;W. Domainko;L. Drury;F. Dubois;G. Dubus;K. Dutson;J. Dyks;M. Dyrda;K. Egberts;P. Eger;P. Espigat;L. Fallon;C. Farnier;S. Fegan;F. Feinstein;M. V. Fernandes;D. Fernandez;A. Fiasson;G. Fontaine;A. Forster;M. Fussling;M. Gajdus;Y. Gallant;T. Garrigoux;H. Gast;B. Giebels;J. Glicenstein;B. Gluck;D. Goring;M. Grondin;S. Haffner;J. Hague;J. Hahn;D. Hampf;J. Harris;S. Heinz;G. Heinzelmann;G. Henri;G. Hermann;A. Hillert;J. Hinton;W. Hofmann;P. Hofverberg;M. Holler;D. Horns;A. Jacholkowska;C. Jahn;M. Jamrozy;I. Jung;M. Kastendieck;K. Ski;U. Katz;S. Kaufmann;B. Kh'elifi;D. Klochkov;W. K. niak;T. Kneiske;N. Komin;K. Kosack;R. Kossakowski;F. Krayzel;P. Kruger;H. Laffon;G. Lamanna;J. Lenain;D. Lennarz;T. Lohse;A. Lopatin;C.-C. Lu-C.;V. Marandon;A. Marcowith;J. Masbou;G. Maurin;N. Maxted;M. Mayer;T.J.L. McCom;M. C. Medina;J. M'ehault;U. Menzler;R. Moderski;M. Mohamed;E. Moulin;C. Naumann;M. Naumann-Godo;M. deNaurois;D. Nedbal;N. Nguyen;J. Niemiec;S. Nolan;S. Ohm;E. D. aWilhelmi;B. Opitz;M. Ostrowski;I. Oya;M. Panter;D. Parsons;M. PazArribas;N. Pekeur;G. Pelletier;J. Pérez;P. Petrucci;B. Peyaud;S. Pita;G. Puhlhofer;M. Punch;A. Quirrenbach;M. Raue;A. Reimer;O. Reimer;M. Renaud;R. DeLosReyes;F. Rieger;J. Ripken;L. Rob;S. Rosier-Lees;G. Rowell;B. Rudak;C. Rulten;V. Sahakian;D. Sanchez;A. Santangelo;R. Schlickeiser;A. Schulz;U. Schwanke;S. Schwarzburg;S. Schwemmer;F. Sheidaei;J. Skilton;H. Sol;G. Spengler;L. Stawarz;R. Steenkamp;C. Stegmann;F. Stinzing;K. Stycz;I. Sushch;A. Szóstek;J. Tavernet;R. Terrier;M. Tluczykont;C. Trichard;K. Valerius;C. VanEldik;G. Vasileiadis;C. Venter;A. Viana;P. Vincent;H. Volk;F. Volpe;S. Vorobiov;M. Vorster;S. Wagner;M. Ward;R. White;A. Wierzcholska;D. Wouters;M. Zacharias;A. Zajczyk;A. Zdziarski;A. Zech;H. Hamburg;I. Experimentalphysik;Luruper Chaussee;Hamburg;H Germany;Laboratoire univers et particules de Montpellier;2. Universit'eMontpellier;5. MontpellierCedex;France.;M. Kernphysik;Heidelberg;Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies;Dublin.;Ireland;N. Armenia;Yerevan;Yerevan Physics Institute;Armenia;Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg;P. Institut;Erwin-Rommel-Str.;Erlangen;U. Durham;D. Physics;U.K.;N. A. Center;Warsaw;Poland;C. Saclay;DSMIrfu;F. Cedex;Apc;Astroparticule et Cosmologie;U. Diderot;L. Leprince-Ringuet;E. Polytechnique;I. T. Physik;Lehrstuhl IV Weltraum und Astrophysik;Ruhr-Universitát Bochum;I. Physik;H. Berlin;Berlin;Luth;O. Paris;Cnrs;Lpnhe;6. Universit'ePierreetMarieCurieParis;7. Universit'eDenisDiderotParis;I. F. A. U. Astrophysik;U. Tubingen;Tubingen;Astronomical Observatory;The University of Warsaw;Unit for Space Physics;North-West University;Potchefstroom;S. Africa;Landessternwarte;U. Heidelberg;Konigstuhl;Oskar Klein Centre;S. University;Albanova University Center;Stockholm;Sweden.;1. Universit'eBordeaux;Centre d'Etudes Nucl'eaires de Bordeaux Gradignan;Funded by contract ERC-StG-259391 from the European Community-Funded-by-contract-ERC-StG-259391-from-the-European-1387923273;University of Namibia;Windhoek;Namibia;School of ChemistryPhysics;U. Adelaide;Australia.;UJF-Grenoble 1 CNRS-INSU;I. France;Astronomy;T. U. O. Leicester;University Road;Leicester;United Kingdom.;Instytut Fizyki Jcadrowej Pan;Krak'ow;Institut fur Teilchenphysik;Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck;Austria;Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules-Laboratoire-d'Annecy-le-Vieux-de-Physique-des-134323232;Universit'e de Savoie;Obserwatorium Astronomiczne;Uniwersytet Jagiello'nski;Toru'n Centre for Astronomy;N. C. University;Charles University;Faculty of Mathematics;Physics;Institute of Particle;N. Physics;2. VHolevsovivck'ach;Czech Republic;S. O. PhysicsAstronomy;U. Leeds;Leeds;UK.
Vela X is a region of extended radio emission in the western part of the Vela constellation: one of the nearest pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), and associated with the energetic Vela pulsar (PSR B0833-45). Extended very-high-energy (VHE) $\gamma$-ray emission (HESS $\mathrm{J0835\mhyphen 455}$) was discovered using the H.E.S.S. experiment in 2004. The VHE $\gamma$-ray emission was found to be coincident with a region of X-ray emission discovered with ${\it ROSAT}$ above 1.5 keV (the so-called \textit{Vela X cocoon}): a filamentary structure extending southwest from the pulsar to the centre of Vela X. A deeper observation of the entire Vela X nebula region, also including larger offsets from the cocoon, has been performed with H.E.S.S. This re-observation was carried out in order to probe the extent of the non-thermal emission from the Vela X region at TeV energies and to investigate its spectral properties. In order to increase the sensitivity to the faint $\gamma$-ray emission from the very extended Vela X region, a multivariate analysis method combining three complementary reconstruction techniques of Cherenkov-shower images is applied for the selection of $\gamma$-ray events. The analysis is performed with the On/Off background method, which estimates the background from separate observations pointing away from Vela X; towards regions free of $\gamma$-ray sources but with comparable observation conditions. The $\gamma$-ray surface brightness over the large Vela X region reveals that the detection of non-thermal VHE $\gamma$-ray emission from the PWN HESS $\mathrm{J0835\mhyphen 455}$ is statistically significant over a region of radius 1.2$^{\circ}$ around the position $\alpha$ = 08$^{\mathrm{h}}$ 35$^{\mathrm{m}}$ 00$^{\mathrm{s}}$, $\delta$ = -45$^{\circ}$ 36$^{\mathrm{\prime}}$ 00$^{\mathrm{\prime}\mathrm{\prime}}$ (J2000).
Vela X is a region of extended radio emission in the western part of the Vela constellation: one of the nearest pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), and associated with the energetic Vela pulsar (PSR B0833-45). Extended very-high-energy (VHE) $\gamma$-ray emission (HESS $\mathrm{J0835\mhyphen 455}$) was discovered using the H.E.S.S. experiment in 2004. The VHE $\gamma$-ray emission was found to be coincident with a region of X-ray emission discovered with ${\it ROSAT}$ above 1.5 keV (the so-called \textit{Vela X cocoon}): a filamentary structure extending southwest from the pulsar to the centre of Vela X. A deeper observation of the entire Vela X nebula region, also including larger offsets from the cocoon, has been performed with H.E.S.S. This re-observation was carried out in order to probe the extent of the non-thermal emission from the Vela X region at TeV energies and to investigate its spectral properties. In order to increase the sensitivity to the faint $\gamma$-ray emission from the very extended Vela X region, a multivariate analysis method combining three complementary reconstruction techniques of Cherenkov-shower images is applied for the selection of $\gamma$-ray events. The analysis is performed with the On/Off background method, which estimates the background from separate observations pointing away from Vela X; towards regions free of $\gamma$-ray sources but with comparable observation conditions. The $\gamma$-ray surface brightness over the large Vela X region reveals that the detection of non-thermal VHE $\gamma$-ray emission from the PWN HESS $\mathrm{J0835\mhyphen 455}$ is statistically significant over a region of radius 1.2$^{\circ}$ around the position $\alpha$ = 08$^{\mathrm{h}}$ 35$^{\mathrm{m}}$ 00$^{\mathrm{s}}$, $\delta$ = -45$^{\circ}$ 36$^{\mathrm{\prime}}$ 00$^{\mathrm{\prime}\mathrm{\prime}}$ (J2000).