Mucosal herpes immunity and immunopathology to ocular and genital herpes simplex virus infections.
Mucosal herpes immunity and immunopathology to ocular and genital herpes simplex virus infections.
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DOI：
10.1155/2012/149135
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Benmohamed L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chentoufi AA;Benmohamed L
1 型和 2 型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV-1 和 HSV-2）是最常见的人类传染性病毒病原体之一，能够在生命的各个阶段引起严重的临床疾病，从新生儿致命的播散性疾病到唇疱疹、生殖器溃疡和致盲眼病。 HSV-1 和 HSV-2 原发性皮肤粘膜感染后，病毒在感觉神经节中终身潜伏。在大多数情况下，疱疹感染没有临床症状。然而，在有症状的个体中，潜伏的单纯疱疹病毒可以自发且频繁地重新激活，重新感染皮肤粘膜表面并引起痛苦的复发性疾病。对疱疹感染和疾病的先天性和适应性粘膜免疫仍有待充分表征。了解皮肤粘膜表面的先天性和适应性免疫机制是设计下一代疱疹疫苗的基础。本文综述了先天性和适应性粘膜免疫细胞的表型和功能特性、它们在抗疱疹免疫中的作用以及免疫病理学。讨论了开发安全有效的粘膜疱疹疫苗的进展和局限性。
Herpes simplex viruses type 1 and type 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are amongst the most common human infectious viral pathogens capable of causing serious clinical diseases at every stage of life, from fatal disseminated disease in newborns to cold sores genital ulcerations and blinding eye disease. Primary mucocutaneous infection with HSV-1 & HSV-2 is followed by a lifelong viral latency in the sensory ganglia. In the majority of cases, herpes infections are clinically asymptomatic. However, in symptomatic individuals, the latent HSV can spontaneously and frequently reactivate, reinfecting the muco-cutaneous surfaces and causing painful recurrent diseases. The innate and adaptive mucosal immunities to herpes infections and disease remain to be fully characterized. The understanding of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms operating at muco-cutaneous surfaces is fundamental to the design of next-generation herpes vaccines. In this paper, the phenotypic and functional properties of innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells, their role in antiherpes immunity, and immunopathology are reviewed. The progress and limitations in developing a safe and efficient mucosal herpes vaccine are discussed.