On the automaticity and flexibility of covert attention: A speed-accuracy trade-off analysis
On the automaticity and flexibility of covert attention: A speed-accuracy trade-off analysis
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DOI：
10.1167/9.3.30
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Carrasco, Marisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giordano, Anna Marie;McElree, Brian;Carrasco, Marisa
外源性内隐注意提高了辨别能力，加快了视觉信息加工的速度。卡拉斯科和B。McElree，2001）。在这里，我们调查和比较内源性（持续）和外源性（瞬时）的内隐注意的影响。具体来说，我们通过空间线索引导注意，并评估自动性和。灵活性的外源性和内源性的注意力，通过操纵线索有效性与反应信号的速度准确性权衡（SAT）的程序，它提供了联合措施的可辨别性和信息的积累。为了研究信息处理的可辨别性和速度是否随线索有效性（机会为100%）的函数而不同，我们比较了两种类型的注意力如何影响性能，同时保持实验条件不变。在内源性注意下，观察到的收益（有效线索）和成本（无效线索）都随着线索有效性的增加而增加。然而，与外源性注意，收益和成本的可辨别性和加工速度是相似的线索有效性条件。这些结果提供了令人信服的时程证据，而内源性注意可以灵活地分配根据线索有效性，外源性注意是自动的，不受线索有效性。
Exogenous covert attention improves discriminability and accelerates the rate of visual information processing (M. Carrasco & B. McElree, 2001). Here we investigated and compared the effects of both endogenous (sustained) and exogenous (transient) covert attention. Specifically, we directed attention via spatial cues and evaluated the automaticity and. flexibility of exogenous and endogenous attention by manipulating cue validity in conjunction with a response-signal speed-accuracy trade-off (SAT) procedure, which provides conjoint measures of discriminability and information accrual. To investigate whether discriminability and rate of information processing differ as a function of cue validity (chance to 100%), we compared how both types of attention affect performance while keeping experimental conditions constant. With endogenous attention, both the observed benefits (valid-cue) and the costs (invalid-cue) increased with cue validity. However, with exogenous attention, the benefits and costs in both discriminability and processing speed were similar across cue validity conditions. These results provide compelling time-course evidence that whereas endogenous attention can be flexibly allocated according to cue validity, exogenous attention is automatic and unaffected by cue validity.