Molecular Biology of Lung Cancer
Molecular Biology of Lung Cancer
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-59259-093-3_3
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mirela Stancu;T. C. King;A. Maizel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mirela Stancu;T. C. King;A. Maizel
肺癌仍然是北美癌症死亡的主要原因。尽管生存率有所改善，但总体而言，只有10%的非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者和3%的小细胞肺癌（SCLC）患者是长期幸存者（1,2）。肺癌分子遗传学的描述为肺癌的发病机制提供了重要的见解，并有可能提高我们诊断和管理患者的能力。在高危人群中应用常规筛查方法（如胸部x线检查、痰细胞学检查）对死亡率没有影响，因为大多数肿瘤发现得太晚，无法进行明确的手术治疗（3-5）。利用聚合酶链反应（PCR）等技术检测单个肿瘤细胞遗传改变的能力为肺癌分子筛查提供了可能。这些技术具有很高的灵敏度，并且有可能在痰液和支气管肺泡灌洗液（BAL）样本中检测到非常罕见的肿瘤细胞，这可能允许在足够早的阶段诊断肿瘤，以便进行手术治疗。
Lung cancer continues to be the major cause of cancer death in North America. Despite some improvement in survival rates, overall only 10% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 3% of patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) are long-term survivors(1,2). Delineation of the molecular genetics of lung carcinoma has provided significant insights into the pathogenesis of lung cancer, and can potentially enhance our ability to diagnose and manage patients. Application of conventional screening methods (e.g., chest X-rays, sputum cytology) in high-risk groups has had no impact on mortality, because most tumors are still detected too late for definitive surgical therapy(3–5). The ability to detect genetic alterations in individual tumor cells using techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) offers the possibility of molecular screening for lung cancer. These techniques offer great sensitivity, and have the potential to detect very rare tumor cells in sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples, which may permit the diagnosis of tumors at a stage early enough to allow surgical cure.