Anthocyanin Degrading and Chlorophyll Accumulation Lead to the Formation of Bicolor Leaf in Ornamental Kale
Anthocyanin Degrading and Chlorophyll Accumulation Lead to the Formation of Bicolor Leaf in Ornamental Kale
复制标题
花青素降解和叶绿素积累导致观赏羽衣甘蓝双色叶的形成
DOI：
10.3390/ijms20030603
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Feng, Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ren, Jie;Liu, Zhiyong;Feng, Hui
观赏羽衣甘蓝是一种受欢迎的装饰植物。我们鉴定出一种特殊的双色叶片双单倍体系，边缘为绿色，中心为红色。双色叶片的发育可分为S1、S2和S3三个阶段。为了探究双色形成的原因，我们分析了花青素和叶绿素含量，检测了吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）、脱落酸（ABA）、赤霉素3 （GA3）、糖和淀粉含量的变化，并利用RNA-seq技术鉴定了差异表达基因（DEGs）。结果表明，随着花青素的降解和叶绿素的积累，双色叶表型逐渐形成。在S3处，绿色边缘（S3_S）花青素含量低于红色中心（S3_C）部分。在双色叶片发育过程中，IAA含量与花青素含量呈正相关。在花青素从S1到S2的降解过程中，肉桂酸-4-羟化酶（C4H）和运输抑制剂反应1 （TIR1）下调，而侧器官边界结构域39 （LBD39）上调。2种过氧化物酶、2种β-葡萄糖苷酶（BGLU）、LBD39、LBD37、解毒外排载体35 （DTX35）、3种无顶分生组织（NAC）转录因子（TFs）和15种WRKY dna结合蛋白（WRKY） TFs在S3_S与S3_C中下调。双色表型主要与花青素降解和叶绿素积累有关，花青素降解是由于花青素生物合成减少和降解增加所致。
Ornamental kale is a popular decorative plant. We identified a peculiar bicolor leaf double haploid line, with green margins and red centers. The development of bicolor leaves can be divided into three stages: S1, S2, and S3. To probe the reason for bicolor formation, we analyzed the anthocyanin and chlorophyll contents, detected the changes in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin 3 (GA3), sugar, and starch contents, and identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using RNA-seq. Results showed that the bicolor leaf phenotype is gradually formed with anthocyanin degrading and chlorophyll accumulation. Anthocyanin content is lower in the green margin (S3_S) than in the red center (S3_C) part at S3. IAA content was positively correlated with anthocyanin content during the bicolor leaf development. During anthocyanin degrading from S1 to S2, cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H) and transport inhibitor response 1 (TIR1) were downregulated, while lateral organ boundaries domain 39 (LBD39) was upregulated. Two peroxidases, two β-glucosidases (BGLU), LBD39, LBD37, detoxifying efflux carrier 35 (DTX35), three no apical meristem (NAC) transcription factors (TFs), and 15 WRKY DNA-binding protein (WRKY) TFs were downregulated in S3_S vs. S3_C. The bicolor phenotype was mainly linked to anthocyanin degrading and chlorophyll accumulation, and that anthocyanin degrading resulted from reduced anthocyanin biosynthesis and increased anthocyanin degradation.