The storage and aging of continental runoff in large reservoir systems of the world
The storage and aging of continental runoff in large reservoir systems of the world
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发表时间：
1997
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通讯作者：
C. Voeroesmarty;K. Sharma;B. Fekete;A. Copeland;J. Holden;J. Marble
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作者：
C. Voeroesmarty;K. Sharma;B. Fekete;A. Copeland;J. Holden;J. Marble
在这项研究中，我们分析了水库建设对世界河流系统的范围和潜在影响。全球大型水坝背后的蓄水量代表着天然河流水存量增加了700%，单个蓄水池的停留时间从不到一天到几年。这种储存的影响一直延续到下游。几条大河的河口显示出由降雨引起的大陆径流的老化超过三个月。在全球范围内，河水的平均年龄可能增加了两倍，超过一个月。从案例研究和全球综合，我们发现，这种老化可能会导致显着的变化，净水平衡，流态，复氧的表面沃茨，和泥沙输运。大规模建造大型水库是陆地水循环的一个重要组成部分，值得在今后的全球变化研究中予以适当考虑。
In this study we analyze the scope and potential impact of reservoir construction on the world's river systems. Water storage behind the global population of large dams represents a 700% increase in the standing stock of natural river water, with residence times for individual impoundments spanning less than one day to several years. The imprint of such storage persists downstream. The mouths of several large rivers show a reservoir-induced aging of continental runoff that exceeds three months. Globally, the mean age of river water has likely tripled to well over one month. From both case studies and global synthesis, we find that this aging can lead to significant changes in net water balance, flow regime, reoxygenation of surface waters, and sediment transport. The pandemic construction of large reservoirs represents an important component of the terrestrial water cycle and one that merits due consideration in future global change studies.