Largely different carotenogenesis in two pummelo fruits with different flesh colors.
Largely different carotenogenesis in two pummelo fruits with different flesh colors.
复制标题
两种不同果肉颜色的柚子的胡萝卜素生成差异很大
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0200320
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Xu J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan F;Shi M;He Z;Wu L;Xu X;He M;Chen J;Deng X;Cheng Y;Xu J
柑橘类水果中的类胡萝卜素对健康有益，使水果看起来很有吸引力。果肉呈红色的‘Chuhong’（CH）和果肉呈淡绿色的‘Feicui’（FC）是研究类胡萝卜素积累机制的有趣材料。在本研究中，在‘ CH ’的反照组织、节膜和汁囊中观察到线状胡萝卜素的含量特别高。然而，类胡萝卜素，特别是β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素，在“FC”的黄酮类组织中积累的比“CH”多。另外，柠檬苦素、诺米林和脱落酸等其他萜类化合物在150天后的汁囊中含量也有显著差异。在‘ CH ’的节膜和汁囊中，在移植后45至75天观察到类胡萝卜素的急剧增加。胡萝卜素生成基因，尤其是ζ-胡萝卜素去饱和酶（CmZDS）、β-类胡萝卜素羟化酶（CmBCH）和玉米黄质环氧化酶（CmZEP）基因的表达水平不同，是导致两种柚类胡萝卜素谱差异较大的直接原因。研究了11个参与类胡萝卜素合成的基因序列；在11个基因中，有7个基因的等位基因不同，这可能也解释了“CH”和“FC”之间观察到的胡萝卜素形成的巨大差异。这些结果增强了我们对柚子果实中胡萝卜素形成的认识。
Carotenoids in citrus fruits have health benefits and make the fruits visually attractive. Red-fleshed ‘Chuhong’ (‘CH’) and pale green-fleshed ‘Feicui’ (‘FC’) pummelo (Citrus maxima (Burm) Merr.) fruits are interesting materials for studying the mechanisms of carotenoid accumulation. In this study, particularly high contents of linear carotenes were observed in the albedo tissue, segment membranes and juice sacs of ‘CH’. However, carotenoids, especially β-carotene and xanthophylls, accumulated more in the flavedo tissue of ‘FC’ than in that of ‘CH’. Additionally, the contents of other terpenoids such as limonin, nomilin and abscisic acid significantly differed in the juice sacs at 150 days postanthesis. A dramatic increase in carotenoid production was observed at 45 to 75 days postanthesis in the segment membranes and juice sacs of ‘CH’. Different expression levels of carotenogenesis genes, especially the ζ-carotene desaturase (CmZDS), β-carotenoid hydroxylase (CmBCH) and zeaxanthin epoxidase (CmZEP) genes, in combination are directly responsible for the largely different carotenoid profiles between these two pummelo fruits. The sequences of eleven genes involved in carotenoid synthesis were investigated; different alleles of seven of eleven genes might also explain the largely different carotenogenesis observed between ‘CH’ and ‘FC’. These results enhance our understanding of carotenogenesis in pummelo fruits.