Heavy metal content of Ayurvedic herbal medicine products
Heavy metal content of Ayurvedic herbal medicine products
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.292.23.2868
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发表时间：
2004-12-15
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Phillips, RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saper, RB;Kales, SN;Phillips, RS
铅、汞、和砷中毒已与使用阿育吠陀草药产品（HMPs. ObjectiveTo determine prevalence and concentration of heavy metals in Ayurvedic HMPs making in South Asia and sold in Boston-设计和设置系统的搜索策略，以识别距离波士顿市政厅20英里或更少的所有商店该公司通过搜索在线黄页，使用市场、超市和便利店以及包含印度、印度城市和印度单词的企业名称，销售来自南亚的阿育吠陀HMP。还搜索了印度杂货店的在线国家目录，南亚社区商业目录和报纸。我们访问了每个商店，并购买了所有独特的阿育吠陀HMP之间的4月25日和2003年10月24日。主要结果测量浓度（微克/克）的铅，汞，砷在每个HMP通过X射线荧光光谱法测量。成人和儿童每日金属摄入量的估计值使用制造商的剂量建议进行估计，并与美国药典和美国环境保护署的监管标准进行比较。（95%置信区间，11%-31%）含有重金属：铅（n=13;中位浓度，40 μ g/g;范围，5-37000），汞（n=6;中位浓度，20225 μ g/g;范围，28-104000），和/或砷（n=6;中位浓度，430 μ g/g;范围，37-8130）。如果采取的建议，由制造商，每一个这14可能会导致重金属摄入量超过公布的监管标准。结论之一，5阿育吠陀HMP在南亚生产，并在波士顿南亚杂货店含有潜在的有害水平的铅，汞，和/或砷。阿育吠陀药物的使用者可能有重金属毒性的风险，并且应该强制性地对阿育吠陀HMP进行有毒重金属的测试。
Context Lead, mercury, and arsenic intoxication have been associated with the use of Ayurvedic herbal medicine product (HMPs).Objectives To determine the prevalence and concentration of heavy metals in Ayurvedic HMPs manufactured in South Asia and sold in Boston-area stores and to compare estimated daily metal ingestion with regulatory standards.Design and Setting Systematic search strategy to identify all stores 20 miles or less from Boston City Hall that sold Ayurvedic HMPs from South Asia by searching online Yellow Pages using the categories markets, supermarkets, and convenience stores, and business names containing the word India, Indian cities, and Indian words. An online national directory of Indian grocery stores, a South Asian community business directory, and a newspaper were also searched. We visited each store and purchased all unique Ayurvedic HMPs between April 25 and October 24, 2003.Main Outcome Measures Concentrations (mug/g) of lead, mercury, and arsenic in each HMP as measured by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Estimates of daily metal ingestion for adults and children estimated using manufacturers' dosage recommendations with comparisons to US Pharmacopeia and US Environmental Protection Agency regulatory standards.Results A total of 14 (20%) of 70 HMPs (95% confidence interval, 11%-31%) contained heavy metals: lead (n=13; median concentration, 40 mug/g; range, 5-37000), mercury (n=6; median concentration, 20225 mug/g; range, 28-104000), and/or arsenic (n=6; median concentration, 430 mug/g; range, 37-8130). If taken as recommended by the manufacturers, each of these 14 could result in heavy metal intakes above published regulatory standards.Conclusions One of 5 Ayurvedic HMPs produced in South Asia and available in Boston South Asian grocery stores contains potentially harmful levels of lead, mercury, and/or arsenic. Users of Ayurvedic medicine may be at risk for heavy metal toxicity, and testing of Ayurvedic HMPs for toxic heavy metals should be mandatory.