A base-free thorium-terminal-imido metallocene: synthesis, structure, and reactivity.

A base-free thorium-terminal-imido metallocene: synthesis, structure, and reactivity.
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DOI:
10.1002/chem.201101972
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发表时间:
2011-11
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通讯作者:
Wenshan Ren;Guofu Zi;D. Fang;Marc D. Walter
Wenshan Ren;Guofu Zi;D. Fang;Marc D. Walter
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作者:
Wenshan Ren;Guofu Zi;D. Fang;Marc D. Walter

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本文对一种无碱的端亚氨基钍茂金属化合物的合成、结构和反应性能进行了全面的研究。用RNH(2)处理钍双烯[{η(5)-1,2,4-(Me(3)C)(3)C(5)H(2)}(2)ThMe(2)]和[{η(5)-1,3-(Me(3)C)(2)C(5)H(3)}(2)ThMe(2)]得到二酰胺[{η(5)-1,2,4-(Me(3)C)(3)C(5)H(2)}(2)Th(NHR)(2)](R=Me(7),对甲苯基(8))和[{η(5)-1,3-(Me(3)C)(2)C(5)H(3)}(2)Th(NH-p-tolyl)(2)](9)。二酰胺7和9不消除甲胺或对甲苯胺,但在150 °C真空下升华而不分解(0.01 mmHg),而二酰胺8在140 ℃/0.01 mmHg下转化为伯胺对甲苯基-NH(2)和[{η(5)-1,2,4-(Me(3)C)(3)C(5)H(2)}(2)Th=N(对甲苯基)](10),其可以以纯的形式分离。亚胺基茂金属10不与亲电试剂如烷基甲硅烷基卤化物反应;然而,它与富电子或不饱和试剂反应。例如,10与硫反应得到金属镧系元素[{η(5)-1,2,4-(Me(3)C)(3)C(5)H(2)}(2)Th{N(对甲苯基)S-S}]。亚胺10是内炔催化氢胺化反应的重要中间体,也是PhCN三聚反应的有效催化剂。密度泛函理论(DFT)的研究提供了一个详细的了解实验观察到的反应模式。
The synthesis, structure, and reactivity of a base-free thorium terminal-imido metallocene have been comprehensively studied. Treatment of thorium metallocenes [{η(5)-1,2,4-(Me(3)C)(3)C(5)H(2)}(2)ThMe(2)] and [{η(5)-1,3-(Me(3)C)(2)C(5)H(3)}(2)ThMe(2)] with RNH(2) gives diamides [{η(5)-1,2,4-(Me(3)C)(3)C(5)H(2)}(2)Th(NHR)(2)] (R=Me (7), p-tolyl (8)) and [{η(5)-1,3-(Me(3)C)(2)C(5)H(3)}(2)Th(NH-p-tolyl)(2)] (9), respectively. Diamides 7 and 9 do not eliminate methylamine or p-toluidine, but sublime without decomposition at 150 °C under vacuum (0.01 mmHg), whereas diamide 8 is converted at 140 °C/0.01 mmHg into the primary amine p-tolyl-NH(2) and [{η(5)-1,2,4-(Me(3)C)(3)C(5)H(2)}(2)Th=N(p-tolyl)] (10), which may be isolated in pure form. Imido metallocene 10 does not react with electrophiles such as alkylsilyl halides; however, it reacts with electron-rich or unsaturated reagents. For example, reaction of 10 with sulfur affords the metallacycle [{η(5)-1,2,4-(Me(3)C)(3)C(5)H(2)}(2)Th{N(p-tolyl)S-S}]. Imido 10 is an important intermediate in the catalytic hydroamination of internal alkynes, and an efficient catalyst for the trimerization of PhCN. Density functional theory (DFT) studies provide a detailed understanding of the experimentally observed reactivity patterns.