Evolutionary aspects of bat echolocation
Evolutionary aspects of bat echolocation
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DOI：
10.1007/s00359-003-0406-2
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Neuweiler, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Neuweiler, G
这篇综述是解释蝙蝠或类蝙蝠哺乳动物的回声定位是如何产生的另一种尝试。注意力集中在蝙蝠回声定位上升听觉通路的神经元特化。三种不同的机制被认为可能产生对回声的特定听觉敏感性：(1)由神经元发声命令的必然放电打开了增强回声处理的时间窗口；(2)中脑组合敏感神经元群的分化和扩增；(3)自上而下的皮质调节。第二部分将三种不同类型的回声定位解释为对生态位的适应，并将恒频/调频蝙蝠的复杂耳蜗专门化作为精细调谐分化的案例研究。本文简要讨论了恒频/调频蝙蝠内耳的共振机制是如何在普通哺乳动物耳蜗中进化的。
This review is yet another attempt to explain how echolocation in bats or bat-like mammals came into existence. Attention is focused on neuronal specializations in the ascending auditory pathway of echolocating bats. Three different mechanisms are considered that may create a specific auditory sensitivity to echos: (1) time-windows of enhanced echo-processing opened by a corollary discharge of neuronal vocalization commands; (2) differentiation and expansion of ensembles of combination-sensitive neurons in the midbrain; and (3) corticofugal top-down modulations. The second part of the review interprets three different types of echolocation as adaptations to ecological niches, and presents the sophisticated cochlear specializations in constant-frequency/frequency-modulated bats as a case study of finely tuned differentiation. It is briefly discussed how a resonant mechanism in the inner ear of constant-frequency/frequency-modulated bats may have evolved in common mammalian cochlea.