A direct comparison of the consequences of plant genotypic and species diversity on communities and ecosystem function
A direct comparison of the consequences of plant genotypic and species diversity on communities and ecosystem function
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DOI：
10.1890/10-0999.1
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Agrawal, Anurag A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cook-Patton, Susan C.;McArt, Scott H.;Agrawal, Anurag A.
生物多样性的丧失正在以前所未有的速度进行，但我们对在不同规模上丧失多样性的后果缺乏透彻的了解。虽然已知物种多样性会影响群落和生态系统进程，但假设基因多样性的影响相对较小。尽管如此，最近的一些研究表明，与物种多样性相比，基因多样性可能具有数量上相似的生态后果。研究表明，增加月见草属植物(Oenthera Biennis)的基因多样性或增加老田植物的物种多样性，对地上初级生产量的增加几乎相同(接近17%)。解释这一效应的主要机制--生态位互补--对于每种类型的多样性来说都是相似的。节肢动物物种丰富度也随着两种植物多样性的增加而增加，但导致这种影响的机制不同：在植物基因型复合培养中，节肢动物物种的丰度驱动积累是重要的，而在植物物种复合培养中，资源专门化是重要的。因此，初级生产力的类似增长对每种类型植物多样性的较高营养水平的影响是不同的。这些结果突出了基因类型多样性和物种多样性之间重要的生态学相似性和差异，并表明基因类型多样性在群落和生态系统过程中可能发挥比以前认识到的更大的作用。
Biodiversity loss is proceeding at an unprecedented rate, yet we lack a thorough understanding of the consequences of losing diversity at different scales. While species diversity is known to impact community and ecosystem processes, genotypic diversity is assumed to have relatively smaller effects. Nonetheless, a few recent studies suggest that genotypic diversity may have quantitatively similar ecological consequences compared to species diversity. Here we show that increasing either genotypic diversity of common evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) or species diversity of old-field plant species resulted in nearly equivalent increases (similar to 17%) in aboveground primary production. The predominant mechanism explaining this effect, niche complementarity, was similar for each type of diversity. Arthropod species richness also increased with both types of plant diversity, but the mechanisms leading to this effect differed: abundance-driven accumulation of arthropod species was important in plant genotypic polycultures, whereas resource specialization was important in plant species polycultures. Thus, similar increases in primary productivity differentially impacted higher trophic levels in response to each type of plant diversity. These results highlight important ecological similarities and differences between genotypic and species diversity and suggest that genotypic diversity may play a larger role in community and ecosystem processes than previously realized.