A Parameter Model of Gas Exchange for the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone
A Parameter Model of Gas Exchange for the Seasonal Sea Ice Zone
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DOI：
10.5194/os-10-17-2014
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发表时间：
2013-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
B. Loose;W. McGillis;D. Perovich;C. Zappa;P. Schlosser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Loose;W. McGillis;D. Perovich;C. Zappa;P. Schlosser
抽象的。极地海洋的碳预算需要更好地限制海冰区（SIZ）的海气交换。在这里，我们利用冰海边界层（IOBL）中的湍流、混合和海气通量理论的进展，制定了当海洋表面部分被海冰覆盖时气体交换的简单模型。气体传递速度 (k) 与水体边界层中的剪切驱动和对流驱动的湍流以及空气-海界面的均方波斜率有关。我们使用该模型来估计北极冰系剖面仪 (ITP) 漂移轨迹的 k。 ITP 漂移的日平均 k 的个体估计范围在 1.1 到 22 m d−1 之间，开放水域的比例 (f) 范围在 0 到 0.83 之间。转换为面积加权有效传输速度 (keff)，在 f = 0 附近，keff 的最小值为 10−55 m d−1，在 f = 0.4 时，值超过 keff = 5 m d−1。该模型表明，海冰区的切变和对流效应对 keff 的大小额外贡献了 40%，超出了仅基于风速参数化的 keff 估计值的预测值。虽然海冰区气体交换的最终比例关系需要在实验室和现场研究中进行验证，但本文描述的基本参数模型表明，使用现有数据源根据 IOBL 的特性制定 k 估计值是可行的。
Abstract. Carbon budgets for the polar oceans require better constraint on air–sea gas exchange in the sea ice zone (SIZ). Here, we utilize advances in the theory of turbulence, mixing and air–sea flux in the ice–ocean boundary layer (IOBL) to formulate a simple model for gas exchange when the surface ocean is partially covered by sea ice. The gas transfer velocity (k) is related to shear-driven and convection-driven turbulence in the aqueous mass boundary layer, and to the mean-squared wave slope at the air–sea interface. We use the model to estimate k along the drift track of ice-tethered profilers (ITPs) in the Arctic. Individual estimates of daily-averaged k from ITP drifts ranged between 1.1 and 22 m d−1, and the fraction of open water (f) ranged from 0 to 0.83. Converted to area-weighted effective transfer velocities (keff), the minimum value of keff was 10−55 m d−1 near f = 0 with values exceeding keff = 5 m d−1 at f = 0.4. The model indicates that effects from shear and convection in the sea ice zone contribute an additional 40% to the magnitude of keff, beyond what would be predicted from an estimate of keff based solely upon a wind speed parameterization. Although the ultimate scaling relationship for gas exchange in the sea ice zone will require validation in laboratory and field studies, the basic parameter model described here demonstrates that it is feasible to formulate estimates of k based upon properties of the IOBL using data sources that presently exist.