Olfactory Dysfunction in the Elderly: Basic Circuitry and Alterations with Normal Aging and Alzheimer's Disease.
Olfactory Dysfunction in the Elderly: Basic Circuitry and Alterations with Normal Aging and Alzheimer's Disease.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s13670-014-0080-y
复制
发表时间：
2014-06-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Devanand, D P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Masurkar, Arjun V;Devanand, D P
阿尔茨海默病的临床前检测对于确定高危个人至关重要，以便改善患者和照顾者对他们未来的规划，并随着治疗技术的进步确定可能从治疗中受益的个人。在疾病的临床前和早期阶段识别嗅觉功能障碍是实现这些目标的潜在有用的方法。我们首先回顾一下基本的嗅觉回路。然后，我们在人类和动物模型中评估在衰老和阿尔茨海默病期间嗅觉处理通路中的病理生理学变化的证据。我们还回顾了这两种模型在这些过程中的嗅觉行为研究。为此，我们提出了关于嗅觉功能障碍的定位和机制的假设，并为未来的工作确定了重要的途径。
Preclinical detection of Alzheimer disease is critical to determining at-risk individuals in order to improve patient and caregiver planning for their futures and to identify individuals likely to benefit from treatment as advances in therapeutics develop over time. Identification of olfactory dysfunction at the preclinical and early stages of the disease is a potentially useful method to accomplish these goals. We first review basic olfactory circuitry. We then evaluate the evidence of pathophysiological change in the olfactory processing pathways during aging and Alzheimer disease in both human and animal models. We also review olfactory behavioral studies during these processes in both types of models. In doing so, we suggest hypotheses about the localization and mechanisms of olfactory dysfunction and identify important avenues for future work.