An Ecological Perspective of Reinforcement and Motivation
An Ecological Perspective of Reinforcement and Motivation
复制标题
强化和激励的生态学视角
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4684-4286-1_10
复制
发表时间：
1983
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
C. Rovee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Collier;C. Rovee
A central theme in Western culture is the assumption that behavior is motivated by need and shaped by reward. This theme is reflected in modern theories of learning and motivation in such concepts as deprivation, incentive, and reinforcement and is expressed in one or another of the many versions of the Law of Effect (for reviews, see Bolles, 1975; Meeh, 1950; Postman, 1947). Moreover, this theme is either implicit or explicit in almost every current study of learning and motivation. Several classic relations between deprivation, reinforcement, incentive value, and penormance have encouraged proponents of the Law of Effect. Rate of responding for a nutritive substance by a deprived animal is a linear, increasing function of log percent body weight loss (Collier, 1969; Collier and Levitsky, 1967) as well as of both log concentration (Collier, 1964) and log volume (Collier and Willis, 1961) of the nutrient used as the reinforcer (see Figures 1 and 2). Precise, reproducible functions such as these have provided the data base for most theories of reinforcement.
