How self-enhancers adapt well to loss: The mediational role of loneliness and social functioning.
How self-enhancers adapt well to loss: The mediational role of loneliness and social functioning.
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自我增强者如何很好地适应损失：孤独感和社会功能的中介作用。
DOI：
10.1080/17439760.2014.965266
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bonanno,GeorgeA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yan,OscarH;Bonanno,GeorgeA
倾向于不切实际的乐观自我服务偏见，被称为特质自我增强，与适应性益处和负面社会后果有关。本研究探讨了这些潜在的好处和成本的背景下，配偶丧亲之痛。MethodThe研究包括94个人谁经历了配偶的死亡1.5-3.0年前。样本（62名女性，32名男性）的年龄范围为37至60岁（M= 51.45，SD = 6.08）。为了检查益处，我们使用了相对客观的整体调整措施：结构化的临床访谈和参与者亲密朋友和亲戚的评级。要检查社会调整，我们研究了朋友/亲戚的评级的社会互动的质量和可能的中介作用的感知孤独和朋友/相对ratings.ResultsTrait自我增强一致与积极adjustment：相对较低的症状总数，和朋友/相对评级的整体更好的调整和更好的社会调整。自我增强者的低孤独感被发现可以减轻症状。此外，朋友/亲戚的社会功能的评级似乎调解自我增强的减少lonelity.ConclusionsThese研究结果提供了进一步的经验数据，挑战长期存在的假设，不准确的自我认知是固有的适应不良。真正的好处可能来自于对自己的错误认知，通过影响孤独的体验以及亲密的朋友/亲戚如何看待自己。自我增强可能是一种适应，提供临床相关的优势。
ObjectiveThe tendency toward unrealistically optimistic self-serving biases, known as trait self-enhancement, has been associated with both adaptive benefits and negative social consequences. This study explored these potential benefits and costs in the context of conjugal bereavement.MethodThe study included 94 individuals who had experienced the death of a spouse 1.5–3.0 years prior. The sample (62 female, 32 male) ranged in age from 37 to 60 (M= 51.45, SD = 6.08). To examine benefits, we used relatively objective measures of overall adjustment: structured clinical interviews and ratings from participants’ close friends and relatives. To examine social adjustment, we examined friends’/relatives’ ratings of the quality of social interactions and the possible mediating roles of perceived loneliness and friend/relative ratings.ResultsTrait self-enhancement was uniformly associated with positive adjustment: relatively lower symptom totals, and friend/relative ratings of both overall better adjustment and better social adjustment. Self-enhancers’ low loneliness was found to mediate reduced symptoms. Also, friends’/relatives’ ratings of social functioning appeared to mediate self-enhancers’ reduced loneliness.ConclusionsThese findings provide further empirical data to challenge the longstanding assumption that inaccurate self-perception is inherently maladaptive. Authentic benefits may result from mistaken perceptions of oneself by influencing the experience of loneliness and how one is seen by close friends/relatives. Self-enhancement may be an adaptation that provides clinically relevant advantages.