Modeling impacts of roof reflectivity, integrated photovoltaic panels and green roof systems on sensible heat flux into the urban environment
Modeling impacts of roof reflectivity, integrated photovoltaic panels and green roof systems on sensible heat flux into the urban environment
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DOI：
10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.06.012
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Wamser, Carl C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scherba, Adam;Sailor, David J.;Wamser, Carl C.
本研究以夏季城市热岛为研究对象，研究了可持续屋面技术在影响屋顶能量平衡中的作用，以及由此产生的进入城市大气的净感热通量。该模型已使用在俄勒冈州波特兰进行的野外实验数据进行了验证。探索的屋面技术包括控制暗膜屋顶、高反射(凉爽)屋顶、植被覆盖的绿色屋顶以及高于各种基础屋顶的光伏(PV)电池板。建立了能量平衡模型，并进行了实验验证，然后用于估算美国6个气候带城市的感光通量，平均而言，黑顶和有光伏的黑顶对环境的日感光通量峰值最高，在331~405W/m(2)之间。在黑色屋顶上添加光伏电池板对峰值流量的影响可以忽略不计，但总流量平均减少了11%。用白色或绿色的屋顶替换黑色的屋顶会导致总的显性流量显著减少。结果表明，如果用光伏覆盖的白色屋顶或光伏覆盖的绿色屋顶取代黑色薄膜屋顶，总感光通量相应减少约50%。为这一分析开发的方法为评估屋顶设计选择对城市气候的相对影响提供了基础，并应被证明对指导城市热岛缓解工作是有用的。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
This study presents results of a modeling effort to explore the role that sustainable roofing technologies play in impacting the rooftop energy balance, and the resultant net sensible heat flux into the urban atmosphere with a focus on the summertime urban heat island. The model has been validated using data from a field experiment conducted in Portland Oregon. Roofing technologies explored include control dark membrane roof, a highly reflective (cool) roof, a vegetated green roof, and photovoltaic (PV) panels elevated above various base roofs. Energy balance models were developed, validated with experimental measurements, and then used to estimate sensible fluxes in cities located in six climate zones across the US.On average the black roof and black roof with PV have the highest peak daily sensible flux to the environment, ranging from 331 to 405 W/m(2). The addition of PV panels to a black roof had a negligible effect on the peak flux, but decreased the total flux by an average of 11%. Replacing a black roof with a white or green roof resulted in a substantial decrease in the total sensible flux. Results indicate that if a black membrane roof is replaced by a PV-covered white or a PV-covered green roof the corresponding reduction in total sensible flux is on the order of 50%. The methodology developed for this analysis provides a foundation for evaluating the relative impacts of roof design choices on the urban climate and should prove useful in guiding urban heat island mitigation efforts. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.