An unsupported common view: Comparing Japan and the U.S. on individualism/collectivism
An unsupported common view: Comparing Japan and the U.S. on individualism/collectivism
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未经证实的普遍观点：日本和美国个人主义/集体主义的比较
DOI：
10.1111/1467-839x.00043
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Eiko Osaka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Takano;Eiko Osaka
长期以来，人们一直认为日本人比美国人更集体主义。为了评估这一共同观点的有效性，我们回顾了15项对这两个国家在个人主义/集体主义方面进行比较的实证研究。令人惊讶的是，14项研究不支持这一共同观点；唯一支持这一观点的研究被证明与个人主义/集体主义的普通定义几乎没有相关性。对共同观点的支持性证据的审查表明，这一观点的形成是基于出乎意料的脆弱。进一步证明，共同观点的广泛接受可能是根本归因错误的结果，这可能导致在解释日本人过去明显的集体主义行为时低估了情景因素。
It has long been believed that the Japanese are more collectivistic than the Americans. To assess the validity of this common view, we reviewed 15 empirical studies that compared these two nations on individualism/collectivism. Surprisingly, 14 studies did not support the common view; the only study that supported it turned out to bear little relevance to the ordinary definition of individualism/collectivism. An examination of the supportive evidence of the common view disclosed that this view had been formed on an unexpectedly flimsy ground. It further turned out that the wide acceptance of the common view may have been the result of the fundamental attribution error, which may have led to an underestimation of situational factors in interpreting the past obviously collectivistic behavior of the Japanese.