Illicit Use of Prescription Stimulants: Gender Differences in Perceptions of Risk
Illicit Use of Prescription Stimulants: Gender Differences in Perceptions of Risk
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DOI：
10.1080/10826084.2019.1608246
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发表时间：
2019-05-04
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Armstrong, Kevin J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hachtel, Joanna C.;Armstrong, Kevin J.
背景资料：关于处方兴奋剂的非法使用与对非法使用风险的认识之间的关系，关于性别差异的研究很少。风险认知是预防和干预方案的共同目标。目的：测量非法使用流行率和对非法使用的法律的、健康和社会风险的看法方面的性别差异。方法：来自东南部一所大型大学的本科生（N= 1，714）的数据进行了检查，以了解非法使用流行率和相关风险认知的性别差异。结果：从事非法使用的男性多于女性（26.2%对18.7%）。总体而言，男性认为与非法使用有关的法律的、健康和社会风险较低。此外，非法使用者也认为较低的法律的，健康和社会风险。不吸毒的男性比不吸毒的女性感觉到更低的法律的和健康风险，但社会风险水平相似。在非法使用者的分组中，男性认为健康风险低于女性，但法律的和社会风险水平相似。结论/重要性：有显着的性别差异，在IUPS和风险的看法，特别重要的是缺乏社会风险的所有群体和较低的健康风险的看法，男性谁从事IUPS。目前尚不清楚，如果较低的风险认知是存在之前或之后的非法使用开始，以及风险认知是否会影响发展，维护，或终止非法使用行为。未来的研究需要澄清这些关系，并评估是否增加风险的看法是一个可行的目标，预防或干预工作。
Background: Little research exists on gender differences regarding the relationship between illicit use of prescription stimulants (IUPS) and perceptions of risk of illicit use. Risk perception is a common target for both prevention and intervention programs. Objectives: To measure gender differences in prevalence rates of illicit use and perceptions of legal, health, and social risks of illicit use. Method: Data from undergraduate students at a large, southeastern university (N=1,714) were examined for gender differences in prevalence of illicit use and related risk perceptions. Results: More men engaged in illicit use than women (26.2% vs. 18.7%). Overall, men perceived lower legal, health, and social risks related to illicit use. Further, illicit users also perceived lower legal, health, and social risks. Nonusing men perceived lower legal and health risks than nonusing women, but similar levels of social risks. Within the subgroup of illicit users, men perceived lower health risks than women, but similar levels of legal and social risk. Conclusions/Importance: There were significant gender differences in IUPS and risk perception, with particular importance of lack of social risk perceived for all groups and lower health risk perception for men who had engaged in IUPS. It is unclear if the lower risk perceptions are present prior to or after illicit use begins and whether risk perceptions affect the development, maintenance, or termination of illicit use behaviors. Future research is needed to clarify these relationships and to evaluate whether increasing risk perceptions is a viable target for prevention or intervention efforts.