Changing Labor Markets and Criminal Behavior in Japan
Changing Labor Markets and Criminal Behavior in Japan
复制标题
日本不断变化的劳动力市场和犯罪行为
DOI：
10.2307/2054095
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发表时间：
1977
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Evans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Evans
近年来，随着人们更多地关注随之而来的混乱和随之而来的负面因素，现代经济增长的光芒已变得黯淡。犯罪是一个很少受到关注的领域，尤其是经济学家。犯罪学家的许多著作表明，犯罪是伴随着经济增长的负面属性，因为富裕程度和犯罪水平似乎是一起上升的。1966年，DeVos教授和Mizushima教授在日本报告了类似于在其他现代国家观察到的模式。增长和犯罪之间应该有什么样的关系？通常的犯罪行为经济学理论认为，犯罪是个人获得合法收入能力的递减功能，似乎支持一种负向关系。然而，犯罪也与获得非法所得的可能性有关；因此，可以预期犯罪至少会与收入水平保持同步，甚至可能超过收入水平。本文试图通过解释劳动力市场改善所涉及的因素与日本犯罪活动程度之间的一些复杂的相互作用，为这些问题提供一些答案。
In recent years the glitter of modern economic growth has been dulled, as more attention has been focused upon the attendant dislocations and negative aspects that have accompanied it. One area that has received little attention, especially from economists, is crime. Many writings of criminologists suggest that crime is a negative attribute that accompanies economic growth, for levels of affluence and crime seem to move upward together. A pattern similar to that observed in other modern countries was reported for Japan in 1966 by Professors DeVos and Mizushima. What relationship should be expected between growth and crime? The usual economic theories of criminal behavior, with crime a declining function of an individual's ability to obtain legal income, would seem to argue for a negative relationship. However, crime is also related to the potential for ill-gotten gains; thus, it might be expected to at least keep pace with levels of income, or perhaps surpass them. This paper represents an attempt to provide some answers to these issues by explaining some of the complex interplay between factors involved in labor market improvement and the degree of criminal activity in Japan.