Attention profiles in autistic children with and without comorbid hyperactivity and attention problems
Attention profiles in autistic children with and without comorbid hyperactivity and attention problems
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1601-5215.2008.00292.x
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Lehmkuhl, Gerd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sinzig, Judith;Bruning, Nicole;Lehmkuhl, Gerd
目的：精神病理学、神经心理学和遗传学研究结果表明自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 与注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 之间存在关联。本研究的目的是比较患有 ADHD 的儿童和患有 ASD 且没有合并 ADHD 的儿童的注意力功能的神经心理学特征。假设是，ADHD 和患有 ADHD 共病症状的自闭症儿童在抑制和持续注意力表现方面受到更多损害，并且所有 ASD 个体在分散注意力方面表现出更多缺陷。方法：连续纳入 6 至 18 岁患有 ADHD（n = 30）或患有 ADHD（n = 21）和不患有 ADHD 共病（n = 20）的 ASD 儿童以及 30 名健康儿童。根据 DSM-IV，使用 KIDDIE-SADS 和 ADHD 和 ASD 症状检查表对精神病理学进行评估。评估的神经心理功能包括抑制、持续以及分散注意力和警觉性任务。结果：使用了年龄和智商校正的 z 分数。对于持续注意力中位数 (F = 3.2, = .02)、命中 (F = 3.3, p = .02) 和误报 (F = 3.9, p = .01)、分散注意力命中 (F = 3.3, p = .02)、错误 (F = 3.1, p = .03) 和误报 (F = 3.3, p = .02) 等变量，发现了具有统计显着性的群体效应。 .03) 和警觉性误报 (F = 2.9，p = .04）。皮尔逊相关性揭示了 ADHD 组中 ADHD 症状与持续注意力之间以及 ASD+ 组中 ADHD 症状与抑制之间的关联。结论：我们的假设得到部分证实，因为 ADHD 儿童在持续注意力方面表现出更多缺陷，而 ASD 儿童在分散注意力任务中表现出更多缺陷。然而，没有证据表明患有自闭症谱系障碍和多动症共病症状的儿童与纯自闭症谱系障碍儿童相比具有特定的特征。
Objective: Psychopathological, neuropsychological and genetic findings indicate an association between ASD Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The goal of this study was to compare the neuropsychological profiles of attention functions in children with ADHD and with ASD and without comorbid ADHD. The hypothesis was that either ADHD and autistic children with comorbid ADHD symptoms were more impaired in inhibition and sustained attention performance and that all individuals with ASD show more deficits in divided attention.Method: Children aged 6 to 18 years old with ADHD (n = 30) or ASD with (n = 21) and without comorbid ADHD (n = 20) and 30 healthy children were included consecutively. Psychopathology was evaluated using the KIDDIE-SADS and symptom checklists for ADHD and ASD according to DSM-IV. Assessed neuropsychological functioning included inhibition, sustained as well as divided attention and alertness tasks.Results: Age and IQ-corrected z-scores were used. Statistically significant group effects were found for the variables sustained attention median (F = 3.2, = .02), hits (F = 3.3, p = .02) and false alarms (F = 3.9, p = .01), divided attention hits (F = 3.3, p = .02), errors (F = 3.1, p = .03) and false alarms (F = 3.3, p = .03) and alertness false alarms (F = 2.9, p = .04). Pearson Correlations revealed associations between ADHD symptoms and sustained attention in the ADHD group and between ADHD symptoms and inhibition in the ASD+ group.Conclusion: Our hypothesis was partly confirmed as ADHD children showed more deficits in sustained attention and ASD children in divided attention tasks. However there was no evidence that children with ASD and comorbid ADHD symptoms have a specific profile in comparison to pure ASD children.