Fitting the mind to the world: Face adaptation and attractiveness aftereffects
Fitting the mind to the world: Face adaptation and attractiveness aftereffects
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DOI：
10.1046/j.0956-7976.2003.psci_1465.x
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Nakayama, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rhodes, G;Jeffery, L;Nakayama, K
普通的面孔是有吸引力的，但什么是普通取决于经验。我们研究了短暂暴露于一致的面部扭曲对什么看起来正常（平均）和什么看起来有吸引力的影响。对一种持续的扭曲的适应，将那些看起来最正常、最有吸引力的东西，转移到了这种扭曲上。当适应脸和测试脸的方向相差90度（+45度对-45度）时，这些正常性和吸引力的后效就会发生，这表明高级神经元的适应性，其编码不是严格的视网膜定位。我们的研究结果表明，感知适应可以迅速重新调整人们的偏好，以适应他们看到的面孔。结果还表明，平均脸是有吸引力的，因为它们在脸分布中的中心位置（即，原型性），而不是因为任何特定的物理特征的内在吸引力。偏好的重新校准可能会产生重要的后果，因为感知的吸引力对个人的感知、配偶选择、社会互动和社会结果都有强大的影响。
Average faces are attractive, but what is average depends on experience. We examined the effect of brief exposure to consistent facial distortions on what looks normal (average) and what looks attractive. Adaptation to a consistent distortion shifted what looked most normal, and what looked most attractive, toward that distortion. These normality and attractiveness aftereffects occurred when the adapting and test faces differed in orientation by 90'(+45degrees vs. -45degrees), suggesting adaptation of high-level neurons whose coding is not strictly retinotopic. Our results suggest that perceptual adaptation can rapidly recalibrate people's preferences to fit the faces they see. The results also suggest that average faces are attractive because of their central location in a distribution of faces (i.e., prototypicality), rather than because of any intrinsic appeal of particular physical characteristics. Recalibration of preferences may have important consequences, given the powerful effects of perceived attractiveness on person perception, mate choice, social interactions, and social outcomes for individuals.