Calcium-dependent interaction of N-type calcium channels with the synaptic core complex

Calcium-dependent interaction of N-type calcium channels with the synaptic core complex
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DOI:
10.1038/379451a0
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发表时间:
1996-02-01
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Catterall, WA
Catterall, WA
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sheng, ZH;Rettig, J;Catterall, WA

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神经递质释放是由 Ca2+ 通过电压门控 Ca2+ 通道 (1,2) 流入而启动的,在动作电位到达突触末端 (3) 的 200 μs 内,Ca2+ 浓度从 100 nM 增加到 >200 μM(4)。胞吐作用需要高 Ca2+ 浓度,阈值为 20-50 μM,半最大激活浓度为 190 μM(5,6)。突触膜突触蛋白 (7,8)、25K 突触体相关蛋白 (SNAP25)9 和囊泡相关膜蛋白 (VAMP)/突触短蛋白 (10-12) 被认为形成介导囊泡对接和膜融合的突触核心复合物 (13-19) 突触结合蛋白可能是低亲和力 Ca2+ 传感器 (20-24),但其他Ca2+-传感器参与(25-27),因为残余神经传递在突触结合蛋白无效突变体中持续存在。突触融合蛋白在连接结构域 II 和 III30 的细胞内环中的一个位点与 N 型 Ca2+ 通道 (7,8,28,29) 结合。在这里,我们描述了该位点与突触蛋白和 SNAP25 的 Ca2+ 依赖性相互作用,SNAP25 对 Ca2+ 具有双相依赖性,在 20 μM 游离 Ca2+ 处具有最大结合,接近递质释放的阈值。 Ca2+ 通道与突触核心复合物的 Ca2+ 依赖性相互作用可能对于突触小泡的 Ca2+ 依赖性对接和融合很重要。
NEUROTRANSMITTER release is initiated by influx of Ca2+ through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels(1,2), within 200 mu s of the action potential arriving at the synaptic terminal(3), as the Ca2+ concentration increases from 100 nM to >200 mu M(4). Exocytosis requires high Ca2+ concentration, with a threshold of 20-50 mu M and half-maximal activation at 190 mu M(5,6). The synaptic membrane syntaxin(7,8), 25K synaptosome-associated protein (SNAP25)9, and vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP)/synaptobrevin(10-12), are thought to form a synaptic core complex which mediates vesicle docking and membrane fusion(13-19) Synaptotagmin may be the low-affinity Ca2+-sensor(20-24), but other Ca2+-sensors are involved(25-27) as residual neurotransmission persists in synaptotagmin-null mutants. Syntaxin binds to N-type Ca2+ channels(7,8,28,29) at a site in the intracellular loop connecting domains II and III30. Here we describe Ca2+ dependent interaction of this site with syntaxin and SNAP25 which has a biphasic dependence on Ca2+, with maximal binding at 20 mu M free Ca2+, near the threshold for transmitter release. Ca2+-dependent interaction of Ca2+ channels with the synaptic core complex may be important for Ca2+-dependent docking and fusion of synaptic vesicles.