Life Plans: Do They Give Meaning to Our Lives?
Life Plans: Do They Give Meaning to Our Lives?
复制标题
人生计划：它们给我们的生活带来意义吗？
DOI：
10.5840/monist20109312
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Miller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Heyd;F. Miller
生活计划的概念和生活计划的活动在我们这个时代已经变得普遍。在流行文化中，这一想法有助于吸引客户购买保险，提供创业建议，或指导遭受心理危机的人。规划自己的生活看起来像是经济混乱和精神混乱的灵丹妙药，如果不是每个人寻求有意义生活的中心任务的话。如今，在生活的任何方面进行认真的改革，都需要“一个计划”或“一个方案”，作为确保实现预期目标的最终条件。减肥或对我们生活中的财务方面进行规划似乎是自然的，实际上是合理的。就我们的心理福利而言，这样做更有问题，但这也是我们文化的特征。人生计划的观念在我们这个时代的一些哲学理论中，特别是在自由主义的哲学理论中，也变得同样普遍。除了不可避免的外部政治约束（如正义，权利和义务），个人被允许并鼓励自由追求自己的生活。然而，作为理性的人类主体，他们在追求美好生活的同时，也受到理性的内在制约。生活必须被组织起来，以实现一个人所选择的善，而这种组织活动的框架就是一个生活计划。约翰·罗尔斯把它作为他美好生活概念的基石。有计划的生活可以被看作是现代实践的对应物的古代理论理想的检查生活。两者都试图阐明生命意义的来源。就像未经审视的生活一样，没有计划的生活是一种浪费。
The concept of a life plan and the activity of life planning have become widespread in our times. In popular culture this idea serves to lure customers to buy insurance policies, to offer advice about starting a business, or to coach people who suffer from a psychological crisis. Planning one's life looks like the panacea for the financially disorganized and the mentally disoriented, if not a central task for everyone seeking a meaningful life. A serious reform in any aspect of one's life calls nowadays for "a plan" or "a program" as the ultimate condition for securing the desired goal. Losing weight or subjecting the financial aspects of our lives to planning seems natural, indeed rational. Doing so with regard to our psychological welfare is more problematic but no less characteristic of our culture. The idea of a life plan has become equally prevalent in some of the philosophical theory of our time, particularly that of liberalism. Beyond the inevitable external political constraints on their behavior (such as justice, rights, and obligations), individuals are allowed and encouraged to freely pursue their lives. However, as rational human agents, seeking for themselves the good life, they are also subject to the internal constraints of rationality. Life must be structured in order to achieve one's chosen good, and the framework for such structured activity is a life plan. John Rawls placed it as the cornerstone of his conception ofthe good life. The planned life can be viewed as the contemporary practical counterpart of the ancient theoretical ideal ofthe examined life. Both are attempts to articulate the sources of life's meaning. Like the unexamined life, the unplanned life is a wasted life.