Light Interception and Yield Potential of Short‐Season Maize ( Zea mays L.) Hybrids in the Midsouth
Light Interception and Yield Potential of Short‐Season Maize ( Zea mays L.) Hybrids in the Midsouth
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DOI：
10.2134/agronj2005.0225a
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发表时间：
2005-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Jeffrey T. Edwards;L. Purcell;E. Vories
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jeffrey T. Edwards;L. Purcell;E. Vories
美国中南部典型的仲夏至夏末干旱限制了旱地玉米(Zea Mays L.)的产量。制作。我们假设，通过增加播种群体和缩小行距，中南部的短季玉米杂交种将具有与目前种植的杂交种相似的产量，但需要的灌溉更少。灌溉试验分别于2001年、2002年和2003年在阿肯色州的费耶特维尔和2002年和2003年在阿肯色州的凯泽进行。评估的因素包括玉米成熟度(75至110天的玉米杂交种)和按50厘米行播的玉米播种群体(5至20粒m(-2))。在出苗和黑层之间，短季玉米杂交种需要的灌溉比全季玉米杂交种少30%到50%。短季玉米在高密度(约相当于19株m(-2))下的产量与全季杂交种相当，在低密度(约等于8株m(-2))时达到最高产量。玉米成熟期生物量与出苗至成熟期的累积截获光合有效辐射(CIPAR)呈线性关系，CIPAR大于555MJ·m(-2)时，玉米产量与CIPAR呈渐近相关，增产幅度不大。这项研究表明，短季玉米杂交种种植密度的增加增加了CIPAR，这补偿了较短的生长季，以获得与中南部全季杂交种相似的潜在产量，而灌溉量要少得多。
The midsouthern USA typically has a mid- to late-summer drought that limits the productivity of nonirrigated maize (Zea mays L.) production. We hypothesized that by increasing seeded population and narrowing row spacing, short-season maize hybrids in the Midsouth would have similar yield but require less irrigation compared with hybrids currently grown. Irrigated experiments were conducted at Fayetteville, AR, in 2001, 2002, and 2003 and at Keiser, AR, in 2002 and 2003. Factors evaluated included maize maturity (75- to 110-d maize hybrids) and maize seeded population (5 to 20 seed m(-2)) sown in 50-cm rows. Between emergence and black layer, short-season maize hybrids required 30 to 50% less irrigation than did their full-season counterparts. Yield of short-season maize at high plant populations (approximately equal to 19 plants m(-2)) was equal to that of full-season hybrids, which reached maximum yield at lower plant populations (approximately equal to 8 plants m(-2)). Maize biomass at maturity had a linear relationship with cumulative intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (CIPAR) from emergence to maturity, but maize yield had an asymptotic relationship with CIPAR with little increase in yield for CIPAR above 555 MJ m(-2). This research indicates that increasing plant population for short-season maize hybrids increased CIPAR, which compensated for a short growing season to achieve similar potential yield to full-season hybrids in the Midsouth with substantially less irrigation.