The association between perceived community violence, police bias, race, and firearm carriage among urban adolescents and young adults.
The association between perceived community violence, police bias, race, and firearm carriage among urban adolescents and young adults.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106897
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发表时间：
2022-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Carter PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sokol RL;Kumodzi T;Cunningham RM;Resnicow K;Steiger M;Walton M;Zimmerman MA;Carter PM
枪支是年轻人死亡的主要原因。鉴于社区暴力是青少年携带枪支的重要相关因素，我们评估了：1）当感知到的警察偏见更大时，感知到的社区暴力和枪支携带之间的关联是否更强; 2）这种适度的关联是否因种族而异。横断面数据来自2017年7月至2018年6月期间寻求城市急诊科治疗的年轻人枪支行为纵向研究的筛选数据（N= 1，264）。我们估计泊松回归与强大的误差方差，以评估感知社区暴力，警察偏见，种族和枪支携带之间的关联。社区暴力与携带枪支呈正相关（平均边际效应[AME]：0.05; 95%置信区间[CI]：0.03，0.07）。我们还发现，社区暴力和枪支携带之间的正相关随着对警察偏见的更高感知而增加（交互作用p<0.05）。我们没有发现证据的三种方式的相互作用，通过这种相互作用，暴力暴露和枪支携带之间的调节关联，感知警察偏见的受访者的种族不同。我们的研究结果表明，社区一级的战略，以减少暴力和警察的偏见可能有利于减少青年枪支携带在社会经济条件不利的城市环境。
Firearms are the leading cause of death among young adults. Given community violence is an important correlate of youth firearm carriage, we evaluated: 1) If the association between perceived community violence and firearm carriage is stronger when perceived police bias is greater; and 2) If this moderated association differs by race. Cross-sectional data came from screening data for a longitudinal study of firearm behaviors among young adults seeking urban emergency department treatment between July 2017-June 2018 (N=1,264). We estimated Poisson regressions with robust error variance to evaluate associations between perceived community violence, police bias, race, and firearm carriage. Community violence was positively associated with firearm carriage (average marginal effect [AME]: 0.05; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.03, 0.07). We also found that the positive association between community violence and firearm carriage increased with higher perceptions of police bias (interaction p<.05). We did not find evidence of a three-way interaction by which the moderated association between violence exposure and firearm carriage by perceived police bias varied by race of the respondents. Our findings suggest that community-level strategies to reduce violence and police bias may be beneficial to decrease youth firearm carriage in socio-economically disadvantaged urban settings.
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DOI：
10.1080/15374416.2019.1644646
发表时间：
2019-08-09
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Beardslee, Jordan;Docherty, Meagan;Pardini, Dustin
通讯作者：
Pardini, Dustin
影响因子：
8
作者：
Carter, Patrick M.;Walton, Maureen A.;Cunningham, Rebecca M.
通讯作者：
Cunningham, Rebecca M.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Cheng, TL;Johnson, S;Scheidt, PC
通讯作者：
Scheidt, PC
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Lee, Daniel B.;Hsieh, Hsing-Fang;Zimmerman, Marc A.
通讯作者：
Zimmerman, Marc A.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Burrell, Marcus;White, Ann Marie;Lich, Kristen Hassmiller
通讯作者：
Lich, Kristen Hassmiller