Stable isotopes in ecology and environmental science
Stable isotopes in ecology and environmental science
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DOI：
10.1002/9780470691854
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发表时间：
1995-07
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
R. Michener;K. Lajtha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Michener;K. Lajtha
贡献者。缩写。导言。1.稳定同位素化学和测量：底漆。伊丽莎白·W·苏兹曼。导言。什么是同位素，是什么让它们与众不同。生态上有用的稳定同位素的性质。同位素生态利用方面的技术进步和当前趋势。致谢。参考资料。2.植物稳定同位素组成变异的来源。约翰·D·马歇尔、J·蕾妮·布鲁克斯和凯特·拉伊莎。导言。碳同位素。氮同位素。氢和氧的同位素。结论。参考资料。3.天然15N和13C丰度作为森林氮素状况和土壤碳动态的指标。查尔斯·T·加滕，保罗·J·汉森，唐纳德·E·托德，小唐纳德·E·托德，Bonnie B.Lau，和Deanne J.Brice。导言。~(15)N丰度对土壤固碳的意义土壤13C丰度垂直变化与土壤碳动态结论。致谢。参考资料。4.土壤氮同位素组成。戴夫·埃文斯。导言。土壤15N的变异来源。土壤氮同位素组成模式。结论。参考资料。5.现代和化石脊椎动物生物学的同位素研究。保罗·L·科赫。导言。化石记录中的脊椎动物组织。控制脊椎动物组织的同位素组成。脊椎动物化石保存生物来源的同位素组成。古生物学应用。结论。关于研讨会和文献资源的后记脚本。参考资料。6.对迁徙野生动物的同位素追踪。基思·A·霍布森。导言。基本原则。海洋系统。陆地系统(不包括氚)。在降水中使用重氢模式。结论。参考资料。7.海洋浮游生态系统15N的自然丰度。约瑟夫·P·蒙托亚。导言。背景资料。海洋氮的同位素变化。来源划定和同位素预算。动物分级和食物网过程。海洋系统中的同位素瞬变。化合物特有的氮同位素分析。结论。致谢。参考资料。8.海洋化学自养生态系统的稳定同位素研究：最新情况。辛迪·李·范·多佛。导言。甲烷渗漏处碳的同位素示踪。鲸鱼坠落。热液喷口。结论。参考资料。9.海洋食物网中作为示踪剂的稳定同位素比率：最新情况。罗伯特·H·米切纳和莱斯·考夫曼。导言。评估食物网的方法。浮游植物和颗粒有机碳。浮游植物和颗粒有机氮。海洋食物网。海洋保护生物学中的稳定同位素。结论。致谢。参考资料。10.淡水生态系统有机物质来源的时间和空间变异性的稳定同位素示踪。雅克·C·芬利和卡罗尔·肯德尔。导言。河流食物网和稳定同位素方法概述。河流生态系统有机质来源的稳定同位素比值。碳、氮、S同位素变异性及其在河流生态学中的应用结论。致谢。参考资料。11.流域水文学中的稳定同位素示踪剂。凯文·J·麦奎尔和杰夫·麦克唐奈。导言。流域水文学的基本概念。为什么需要稳定的同位素？同位素水文学的一般概念。同位素水文学在流域和生态系统研究中的应用结论。致谢。参考资料。12.追踪人类对生态系统的氮输入。卡罗尔·肯德尔、艾米莉·M·埃利奥特和斯科特·D·万克尔。导言。生态系统主要氮源的同位素组成。影响DIN同位素组成的工艺。将污染源的混合与循环的影响分开。应用于不同的环境设置。使用同位素可以区分哪些农业来源和城市来源的硝酸盐？其他用于追踪人为污染物的工具。结论。参考资料。13.生态系统生物地球化学稳定同位素比值动态模拟。威廉·S·柯里。导言。设计一致的模型--数据链接和比较。稳定同位素模拟的原理和技术。结论。致谢。参考资料。14.生态学和古生态学中化合物的稳定同位素分析。理查德·P·埃弗舍尔德、伊恩·D·布尔、洛娜·T·科尔、佐伊·M·克罗斯曼、巴特·E·范·东恩、克莱尔·埃文斯、苏珊·吉姆、黑泽尔·莫特伦、安娜·J·慕克吉和理查德·D·潘科斯特。导言。为什么要使用化合物特有的稳定同位素？化合物特定稳定同位素分析中的分析考虑。化合物稳定同位素方法在生态学和古生态学中的应用。结论。参考资料。索引
Contributors. Abbreviations. Introduction. 1. Stable isotope chemistry and measurement: a primer. Elizabeth W. Sulzman. Introduction. What isotopes are, what makes them distinct. Properties of ecologically useful stable isotopes. Technological advances and current trends in the ecological use of isotopes. Acknowledgments. References. 2. Sources of variation in the stable isotopic composition of plants. John D. Marshall, J. Renee Brooks, and Kate Lajtha. Introduction. Carbon isotopes. Nitrogen isotopes. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopes. Conclusions. References. 3. Natural 15N- and 13C-abundance as indicators of forest nitrogen status and soil carbon dynamics. Charles T. Garten, Jr, Paul J. Hanson, Donald E. Todd, Jr, Bonnie B. Lau, and Deanne J. Brice. Introduction. Significance of 15N-abundance to soil carbon sequestration. Vertical changes in soil 13C-abundance and soil carbon dynamics. Conclusions. Acknowledgments. References. 4. Soil nitrogen isotope composition. R. Dave Evans. Introduction. Sources of variation in soil 15N. Patterns of soil nitrogen isotope composition. Conclusions. References. 5. Isotopic study of the biology of modern and fossil vertebrates. Paul L. Koch. Introduction. Vertebrate tissues in the fossil record. Controls on the isotopic composition of vertebrate tissues. Preservation of biogenic isotope compositions by vertebrate fossils. Paleobiological applications. Conclusions. A post-script on workshops and literature resources. References. 6. Isotopic tracking of migrant wildlife. Keith A. Hobson. Introduction. Basic principles. Marine systems. Terrestrial systems (excluding deuterium). Using deuterium patterns in precipitation. Conclusions. References. 7. Natural abundance of 15N in marine planktonic ecosystems. Joseph P. Montoya. Introduction. Background. Isotopic variation in marine nitrogen. Source delineation and isotope budgets. Animal fractionation and food web processes. Isotopic transients in marine systems. Compound-specific nitrogen isotope analyses. Conclusions. Acknowledgment. References. 8. Stable isotope studies in marine chemoautotrophically based ecosystems: An update. Cindy Lee Van Dover. Introduction. Isotopic tracing of carbon at methane seeps. Whale falls. Hydrothermal vents. Conclusions. References. 9. Stable isotope ratios as tracers in marine food webs: An update. Robert H. Michener and Les Kaufman. Introduction. Methods of assessing food webs. Phytoplankton and particulate organic carbon. Phytoplankton and particulate organic nitrogen. Marine food webs. Stable isotopes in marine conservation biology. Conclusions. Acknowledgments. References. 10. Stable isotope tracing of temporal and spatial variability in organic matter sources to freshwater ecosystems. Jacques C. Finlay and Carol Kendall. Introduction. Overview of river food webs and stable isotope approaches. Stable isotope ratios of organic matter sources in stream ecosystems. C, N, and S isotopic variability and its applications in river ecology. Conclusions. Acknowledgments. References. 11. Stable isotope tracers in watershed hydrology. Kevin J. McGuire and Jeff McDonnell. Introduction. Basic concepts in watershed hydrology. Why are stable isotopes needed?. General concepts in isotope hydrology. Applications of isotope hydrology in watershed and ecosystem studies. Conclusions. Acknowledgments. References. 12. Tracing anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen to ecosystems. Carol Kendall, Emily M. Elliott, and Scott D. Wankel. Introduction. Isotopic compositions of major N sources to ecosystems. Processes affecting the isotopic composition of DIN. Separating mixing of sources from the effects of cycling. Applications to different environmental settings. What sources of agricultural and urban sources of nitrate can be distinguished using isotopes?. Other tools for tracing anthropogenic contaminants. Conclusions. References. 13. Modeling the dynamics of stable-isotope ratios for ecosystem biogeochemistry. William S. Currie. Introduction. Designing consistent model-data linkages and comparisons. Principles and techniques of stable isotope modeling. Conclusions. Acknowledgments. References. 14. Compound-specific stable isotope analysis in ecology and paleoecology. Richard P. Evershed, Ian D. Bull, Lorna T. Corr, Zoe M. Crossman, Bart E. van Dongen, Claire Evans, Susan Jim, Hazel Mottram, Anna J. Mukherjee, and Richard D. Pancost. Introduction. Why use compound-specific stable isotopes?. Analytical considerations in compound-specific stable isotope analysis. Applications of compound-specific stable isotope approaches in ecology and paleoecology. Conclusions. References. Index