Application of wMelPop Wolbachia Strain to Crash Local Populations of Aedes aegypti.
Application of wMelPop Wolbachia Strain to Crash Local Populations of Aedes aegypti.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0003930
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Hoffmann AA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ritchie SA;Townsend M;Paton CJ;Callahan AG;Hoffmann AA
内共生细菌Wolbachia pipientis（wMel株）已成功地建立在几个种群的埃及伊蚊，主要登革热病媒。已知有毒的沃尔巴克氏体菌株wMelPop会引起几种病理影响（卵死亡率增加，寿命缩短等）。降低了蚊子Ae的整体适应性。埃及人。增加鸡蛋死亡率可以大大减少鸡蛋银行在一个漫长的季风旱季地区，并被用来消除当地人口。我们在半场笼条件下测试了此应用程序。首先，我们确定wMelPop感染显著降低了登革热载体Ae的脱水抗性卵的存活率。埃及伊蚊，阴影和温度有显着的影响;几乎所有的wMelPop感染的鸡蛋未能孵化后6周和10周，分别在夏季和冬季条件。在实验室的选择实验中，我们发现，鸡蛋脱水阻力可以增加选择，这种效果的wMelPop感染是由于核背景的主机，而不是沃尔巴克氏体。然后，我们使用持续每周释放的wMelPop感染的蚊子在半场笼内进行wMelPop的入侵，9周后实现固定。然后，将感染MelPop的卵群和未感染的对照进行模拟延长的季风旱季（2.5个月），然后进行洪水诱导孵化。感染wMelPop的蛋的死亡率显著高于对照组，80天后在99%阴影下孵化的感染和未感染蛋分别仅为0.67%和4.35%。这些研究表明，wMelPop可用于局部消除Ae种群。特别是如果与病媒控制相结合。登革热是热带地区发病的主要原因。由于没有商业疫苗，因此采用控制或改变蚊子媒介来防止传播。内共生细菌沃尔巴克氏体的菌株影响登革热媒介埃及伊蚊的存活和传播登革热的能力。Wolbachia菌株wMelPop在Ae.埃及伊蚊，诱导强登革病毒阻断和卵和成蚊的早期死亡。我们调查了这种缩短寿命的沃尔巴克氏体菌株是否可以用来消除当地的Ae种群。半野外笼子里的埃及人我们的研究结果表明，Ae.感染wMelPop的埃及卵的死亡率显著高于未感染的卵，并且在2 - 3个月的模拟旱季期间几乎被消灭。这表明释放wMelPop可以促进控制和消除Ae。如果与病媒控制配合使用，埃及伊蚊的数量将减少。
The endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia pipientis (wMel strain) has been successfully established in several populations of Aedes aegypti, the primary dengue vector. The virulent Wolbachia strain wMelPop is known to cause several pathological impacts (increased egg mortality, life shortening, etc.) reducing overall fitness in the mosquito Ae. aegypti. Increased egg mortality could substantially reduce egg banks in areas with a lengthy monsoonal dry season, and be employed to eliminate local populations. We tested this application under semi-field cage conditions. First, we determined that wMelPop infection significantly reduced the survival of desiccation-resistant eggs of the dengue vector Ae. aegypti, with shade and temperature having a significant impact; nearly all wMelPop-infected eggs failed to hatch after 6 and 10 weeks in summer and winter conditions, respectively. In laboratory selection experiments we found that egg desiccation resistance can be increased by selection, and that this effect of wMelPop infection is due to the nuclear background of the host rather than Wolbachia. We then conducted an invasion of wMelPop within a semi-field cage using sustained weekly releases of wMelPop infected mosquitoes, with fixation achieved after 9 weeks. The egg populations wMelPop infected and an uninfected control were then subjected to a simulated prolonged monsoonal dry season (2.5 months) before flooding to induce hatching. The wMelPop infected eggs suffered significantly greater mortality than the controls, with only 0.67% and 4.35% of respective infected and uninfected eggs held in 99% shade hatching after 80 days. These studies suggest that wMelPop could be used to locally eliminate populations of Ae. aegypti that are exposed to prolonged dry conditions, particularly if combined with vector control. Dengue is a leading cause of morbidity in the tropics. As a commercial vaccine is not available, control or modification of the mosquito vectors is employed to prevent transmission. Strains of the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia affect the survival and ability of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti to transmit dengue. The Wolbachia strain wMelPop over-replicates within Ae. aegypti, inducing strong dengue virus blocking and early mortality of both egg and adult mosquitoes. We investigated whether this life-shortening Wolbachia strain can be used to eliminate local populations of Ae. aegypti in a semi-field cage. Our results indicate that Ae. aegypti eggs infected with wMelPop died at a significantly higher rate than uninfected eggs, and were nearly eliminated during a simulated dry season of 2–3 months. This suggests that that releases of wMelPop could facilitate control and elimination of Ae. aegypti if used in concert with vector control.