Renewable energy powered membrane technology. 2. The effect of energy fluctuations on performance of a photovoltaic hybrid membrane system.
Renewable energy powered membrane technology. 2. The effect of energy fluctuations on performance of a photovoltaic hybrid membrane system.
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可再生能源驱动的膜技术。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
A. I. Schäfer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Richards;D. Capão;A. I. Schäfer
报道了澳大利亚内陆地区无电池复合超滤--纳滤/反渗透(UF-NF/RO)膜淡化系统在运行过程中的性能波动情况。可再生能源驱动膜(RE-膜)系统旨在为一个约有50名居民的偏远社区提供清洁饮用水。使用四种不同的纳滤膜(BW30、NF90、ESPA4、TFC-S)总结了稀土膜系统在四个不同太阳日的性能，并以BW30膜为例进行了更详细的测试。在澳大利亚的一个春日，该系统产生了1.1m~3的渗透液，平均电导率为0.28ms x cm(-1)，回收了28%的微咸水(8.29ms x cm(-1)电导率)给水，平均比能耗为2.3kWh x m(-3)。稀土膜系统可以承受太阳辐照度的巨大波动(500-1200 W x m(-2))，导致渗透电导率只有很小的增加。当采用NF90(阴天)膜和ESPA4(雨天)膜时，系统仍能分别产生1.36m(-3)和0.85m(-3)的优质渗透液。S膜不能从测试的钻孔水中产生足够的水质。得出的结论是，在晴朗的天空到中等云量的条件下，无电池运行是一种简单而稳健的方式来操作这种系统。
This paper reports on the performance fluctuations during the operation of a batteryless hybrid ultrafiltration--nanofiltration/reverse osmosis (UF-NF/RO) membrane desalination system powered by photovoltaics treating brackish groundwater in outback Australia. The renewable energy powered membrane (RE-membrane) system is designed to supply clean drinking water to a remote community of about 50 inhabitants. The performance of the RE-membrane system over four different solar days is summarized using four different NF membranes (BW30, NF90, ESPA4, TFC-S), and examined in more detail for the BW30 membrane. On an Australian spring day, the system produced 1.1 m3 of permeate with an average conductivity of 0.28 mS x cm(-1), recovering 28% of the brackish (8.29 mS x cm(-1) conductivity) feedwater with an average specific energy consumption of 2.3 kWh x m(-3). The RE-membrane system tolerated large fluctuations in solar irradiance (500--1200 W x m(-2)), resulting in only small increases in the permeate conductivity. When equipped with the NF90 (cloudy day) and ESPA4 (rainy day) membranes, the system was still able to produce 1.36 m(-3) and 0.85 m(-3) of good quality permeate, respectively. The TFC-S membrane was not able to produce adequate water quality from the bore water tested. It is concluded that batteryless operation is a simple and robust way to operate such systems under conditions ranging from clear skies to medium cloud cover.