An architecture for ethical robots inspired by the simulation theory of cognition
An architecture for ethical robots inspired by the simulation theory of cognition
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cogsys.2017.04.002
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Winfield, Alan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vanderelst, Dieter;Winfield, Alan
机器人在无人监督的情况下做出决定的能力不断扩大，因此必须建立机制来保证其行为的安全性。此外，智能自主机器人应该不仅仅是安全的;可以说，它们还应该是明确的道德。在本文中，我们提出了一种方法，在机器人的道德行为的启发，认知模拟理论。与现有的机器人伦理框架相比，我们的方法不依赖于逻辑语句的验证。相反，它利用内部模拟，允许机器人模拟动作并预测其后果。因此，我们的方法是机器人图像的一种形式。为了证明所提出的架构，我们实现了一个版本的人形NAO机器人，使它的行为根据阿西莫夫的机器人定律。在一系列的四个实验中，使用第二个NAO机器人作为人类的代理，我们证明了道德层使机器人能够防止人类在简单的测试场景中受到伤害。(C)2017作者由爱思唯尔公司出版
The expanding ability of robots to take unsupervised decisions renders it imperative that mechanisms are in place to guarantee the safety of their behaviour. Moreover, intelligent autonomous robots should be more than safe; arguably they should also be explicitly ethical. In this paper, we put forward a method for implementing ethical behaviour in robots inspired by the simulation theory of cognition. In contrast to existing frameworks for robot ethics, our approach does not rely on the verification of logic statements. Rather, it utilises internal simulations which allow the robot to simulate actions and predict their consequences. Therefore, our method is a form of robotic imagery. To demonstrate the proposed architecture, we implement a version of this architecture on a humanoid NAO robot so that it behaves according to Asimov's laws of robotics. In a series of four experiments, using a second NAO robot as a proxy for the human, we demonstrate that the Ethical Layer enables the robot to prevent the human from coming to harm in simple test scenarios. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.