Domain Organization and Evolution of Multifunctional Autoprocessing Repeats-in-Toxin (MARTX) Toxin in Vibrio vulnificus
Domain Organization and Evolution of Multifunctional Autoprocessing Repeats-in-Toxin (MARTX) Toxin in Vibrio vulnificus
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.01806-10
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Amaro, Carmen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Roig, Francisco J.;Gonzalez-Candelas, Fernando;Amaro, Carmen
本研究的目的是分析水生物种创伤弧菌（Vibrio vulnificus）中多功能自动加工重复毒素（MARTX）毒素结构域的组织，并研究rtxA1基因的进化。该物种被细分为三种不同的寄主范围和地理分布的生物型。我们发现了三种不同类型的创伤弧菌MARTX（MARTX(Vv)）毒素，它们具有共同的结构域（自催化半胱氨酸蛋白酶结构域[CPD]、α / β水解酶结构域和与大肠杆菌O127:H6 E2348/69 [Efa/LifA]相似的结构域）和特定的结构域(Rho-GTPase失活结构域[RID]、未知功能结构域[DUF]、与不对称光habdus asymbitica的rtxA蛋白结构域[rtxA(PA)]相似的结构域。和一个肌动蛋白交联结构域[ACD])。生物型1分离株携带MARTX（Vv）毒素I型和II型，生物型2分离株携带MARTX（Vv）毒素III型，生物型3分离株携带MARTX（Vv）毒素II型。所分析的生物型2分离株含有两个相同的rtxA1拷贝，一个染色体和另一个质粒。基因的进化历史表明，MARTX（Vv）毒素是由具有不同进化历史的片段组成的马赛克，其中一些片段是通过种内或种间水平基因转移获得的。最后，我们发现生物型2的rtxA1基因的进化历史与生物型1和3的基因历史完全不同。
The objective of this study was to analyze multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (MARTX) toxin domain organization within the aquatic species Vibrio vulnificus as well as to study the evolution of the rtxA1 gene. The species is subdivided into three biotypes that differ in host range and geographical distribution. We have found three different types (I, II, and III) of V. vulnificus MARTX (MARTX(Vv)) toxins with common domains (an autocatalytic cysteine protease domain [CPD], an alpha/beta-hydrolase domain, and a domain resembling that of the LifA protein of Escherichia coli O127:H6 E2348/69 [Efa/LifA]) and specific domains (a Rho-GTPase inactivation domain [RID], a domain of unknown function [DUF], a domain resembling that of the rtxA protein of Photorhabdus asymbiotica [rtxA(PA)], and an actin cross-linking domain [ACD]). Biotype 1 isolates harbor MARTX(Vv) toxin types I and II, biotype 2 isolates carry MARTX(Vv) toxin type III, and biotype 3 isolates have MARTX(Vv) toxin type II. The analyzed biotype 2 isolates harbor two identical copies of rtxA1, one chromosomal and the other plasmidic. The evolutionary history of the gene demonstrates that MARTX(Vv) toxins are mosaics, comprising pieces with different evolutionary histories, some of which have been acquired by intra-or interspecific horizontal gene transfer. Finally, we have found evidence that the evolutionary history of the rtxA1 gene for biotype 2 differs totally from the gene history of biotypes 1 and 3.