Spatial constraints on probability learning in visual working memory

Spatial constraints on probability learning in visual working memory
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视觉工作记忆中概率学习的空间限制

DOI:
10.1080/13506285.2017.1346738
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Leber, Andrew B.
Leber, Andrew B.
中科院分区:
心理学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Won, Bo-Yeong;Leber, Andrew B.

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视觉工作记忆的容量是有限的,因此有效地使用它是至关重要的。先前的研究表明,统计学习可以通过优先编码和/或维护最有可能被测试的对象来帮助提高工作记忆效率。在这项研究中,我们认为统计学习的潜在好处可能受到空间约束的限制。在三个实验中,我们发现统计学习根据被测试的可能性来优先分配工作记忆,但这种优先顺序受到空间限制的极大调节。特别是,当两个位置都有很高的测试概率时,当这两个位置水平相邻时,我们主要观察到性能优于低概率位置。垂直相邻和对角线排列的高可能位置与低可能位置相比没有准确性优势,响应时间优势也不大。这些发现与之前观察到的半场独立效应(即“双边场优势”)形成对比,并揭示了统计学习潜在益处的惊人局限性。
Visual working memory is limited in capacity so it is essential to use it efficiently. Previous work has shown that statistical learning can help boost working memory efficiency by prioritizing the encoding and/or maintenance of objects most likely to be tested. In this study, we considered that the potential benefits of statistical learning could be limited by spatial constraints. Across three experiments, we found that statistical learning prioritizes working memory allocation to items based on their likelihood of being tested, but this prioritization is greatly modulated by spatial constraints. In particular, when two locations each had a high probability of being tested, we primarily observed performance benefits over low probable locations when these two locations were horizontally adjacent to one another. Vertically adjacent and diagonally arranged high probable locations produced no accuracy benefit over low probable locations and a modest response time benefit. These findings contrast with previously observed hemifield-independent effects (i.e., a “bilateral field advantage”) and reveal surprising limitations on the potential benefits of statistical learning.
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