Cross-varietal diversity in constructional entrenchment: The final-tag construction in Irish and American English.
Cross-varietal diversity in constructional entrenchment: The final-tag construction in Irish and American English.
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构式巩固的跨品种多样性：爱尔兰语和美式英语的最终标签结构。
DOI：
10.1075/slcs.202.16izu
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Izutsu Katsunobu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Izutsu Mitsuko Narita;Izutsu Katsunobu
本研究分析了带最终标签的分句作为一种结构，即一种象征性的形式-意义配对，它被表述为[[ANCHiFTj]↔[S]有态度的命题的概括化（ANCHiFTj: Anchor, FT: final Tag, S: Speaker）。在英语的大多数变体中都可以看到结尾标签结构。然而，对两个英语口语语料库（SPICE-Ireland和Santa Barbara语料库）的比较表明，爱尔兰英语和美国英语中这个符号单位的结构巩固程度有显著差异。我们的分析表明，爱尔兰英语中最终标签的类型和标记频率都高于美国英语。根据语法结构化的三个特征：图式性增加、生产力增加和组合性减少（Traugott & Trousdale 2013）来解释结果，我们的研究得出结论，与美国英语使用者相比，爱尔兰英语使用者对最后标签结构的印象更为深刻。这一观察结果表明，爱尔兰英语的结构有了更大的发展，在爱尔兰英语中，最后的位置已经成为一个更容易容纳的位置，具有更广泛的多功能性，在这个位置上，说话者可以出于情感和/或互动的目的，使用更广泛的表达方式。除了对开发负责的可想象的动机（下级和上级影响）之外，构造方法还可以说明根深蒂固的模式对增量语言使用的影响。
The present study analyzes clauses with final tags as a construction, i.e., a symbolic form-meaning pairing, which is formulated as [[ANCHiFTj] ↔ [S conclude verbalization of propositioniwith attitudej]] (ANCH: Anchor, FT: Final Tag, S: Speaker). The final-tag construction is observed in most varieties of English. However, a comparison of two spoken corpora of English (SPICE-Ireland and the Santa Barbara Corpus) reveals that the degree of the constructional entrenchment of this symbolic unit differs markedly between Irish and American English. Our analysis illustrates that both type and token frequencies of final tags are higher in Irish English than American English. Interpreting the results in terms of the three characteristics of grammatical constructionalization: increase in schematicity, increase in productivity, and decrease in compositionality (Traugott & Trousdale 2013), our study concludes that the final-tag construction is more entrenched in the minds of Irish English speakers than American English speakers. This observation points to a greater development of the construction in Irish English, where the final position has become a more accommodating slot of broader versatility in which the speakers can put a wider variety of expressions for emotive and/or interactive purposes. In addition to conceivable motivations (sub- and superstrate influences) responsible for the development, the constructional approach can also illustrate the impact of a well-entrenched schema on incremental language use.