Surface Tension of the Oxide Skin of Gallium-Based Liquid Metals
Surface Tension of the Oxide Skin of Gallium-Based Liquid Metals
复制标题
镓基液态金属氧化物皮的表面张力
DOI：
10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00966
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发表时间：
2021-07-19
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Zhou, Xuechang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Handschuh-Wang, Stephan;Gan, Tiansheng;Zhou, Xuechang
镓基合金在科学界引起了相当大的关注，特别是因为它们在室温和接近室温时处于非典型的液态。虽然这些合金的物理参数，例如导热率、导电率、粘度、屈服应力和表面张力是广泛已知的，但是由于氧化物皮的高屈服应力，氧化物皮的表面张力（表面自由能）仍然是无形的。在这篇文章中，我们建议采用逐渐衰减的振动，以获得平衡的形状，这是分析沿着线的水坑高度法。在石英玻璃和液体疏金属金刚石涂层上测定的氧化物表皮的表面张力为约350-365 mN/m，因此独立于基底表面或所采用的液体金属（即，共晶Ga-In（EGaIn）和镓铟锡合金）。不同合金的表面张力的相似性归因于氧化物皮的组成，由于热力学约束，氧化物皮主要包括氧化镓。我们设想，这种方法也可以应用到其他液态金属合金和液态金属大理石系统，促进建模，模拟和优化过程。
Gallium-based alloys have garnered considerable attention in the scientific community, particularly as they are in an atypical liquid state at and near room temperature. Though physical parameters, such as thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, viscosity, yield stress, and surface tension, of these alloys are broadly known, the surface tension (surface free energy) of the oxide skin remains intangible due to the high yield stress of the oxide skin. In this article, we propose to employ gradually attenuated vibrations to obtain equilibrium shapes, which are analyzed along the lines of the puddle height method. The surface tension of the oxide skin was determined on quartz glass and liquid metal-phobic diamond coating to be around 350-365 mN/m, thus independent of the substrate surface or employed liquid metal (i.e., eutectic Ga-In (EGaIn) and galinstan). The similarity of the surface tension for different alloys was ascribed to the composition of the oxide skin, which predominantly comprises gallium oxides due to thermodynamic constraints. We envision that this method can also be applied to other liquid metal alloys and liquid metal marble systems facilitating modeling, simulation, and optimization processes.