Arthropod Pests and Predators Associated With Bittersweet Nightshade, a Noncrop Host of the Potato Psyllid (Hemiptera: Triozidae)
Arthropod Pests and Predators Associated With Bittersweet Nightshade, a Noncrop Host of the Potato Psyllid (Hemiptera: Triozidae)
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DOI：
10.1093/ee/nvw072
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发表时间：
2016-08-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Snyder, W. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carrillo, C. I. Castillo;Fu, Z.;Snyder, W. E.
苦龙葵（Solanum dulcamara L.）是马铃薯木虱（Bactericera cocker-elli Sulc）的关键非作物宿主，被认为是定殖马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）美国西北部的农田。在这里，我们描述了更广泛的社会节肢动物马铃薯害虫，也捕食性节肢动物，发现龙葵补丁。超过2年，我们采样节肢动物在补丁这种杂草跨越马铃薯种植区东部华盛顿州。马铃薯木虱是我们发现的最丰富的马铃薯害虫，在整个生长季节的大部分时间里，这些食草动物的繁殖都有记录。在龙葵上还采集到蚜虫、甲虫和蓟马等马铃薯害虫。除了这些食草动物，我们发现了一个多样化的社区> 40捕食性节肢动物类群。蜘蛛，主要是在家庭Dictynidae和Philodromidae，占70%的所有多面手捕食者个人收集。其他的通性掠食者包括多种掠螨、臭虫和甲虫。观察到瓢虫Stethorus punctillum（Weise）取食木虱卵，而寄生蜂Tamarixia trioestrium（Burks）寄生马铃薯木虱卵。总的来说，我们的调查验证了龙葵作为马铃薯木虱宿主的作用，同时表明其他马铃薯害虫也利用这些植物。同时，我们发现龙葵斑块与物种丰富的天敌群落有关。还需要做更多的工作来直接证明害虫，也许还有捕食者，从龙葵到马铃薯田的运动。
Bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara L.) is a key noncrop host of the potato psyllid (Bactericera cocker-elli Sulc), proposed to be a source of the psyllids that colonize potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) fields in the northwestern United States. Here, we describe the broader community of arthropod potato pests, and also predatory arthropods, found in bittersweet nightshade patches. Over 2 yr, we sampled arthropods in patches of this weed spanning the potato-growing region of eastern Washington State. The potato psyllid was the most abundant potato pest that we found, with reproduction of these herbivores recorded throughout much of the growing season where this was measured. Aphid, beetle, and thrips pests of potato also were collected on bittersweet nightshade. In addition to these herbivores, we found a diverse community of > 40 predatory arthropod taxa. Spiders, primarily in the Families Dictynidae and Philodromidae, made up 70% of all generalist predator individuals collected. Other generalist predators included multiple species of predatory mites, bugs, and beetles. The coccinellid beetle Stethorus punctillum (Weise) was observed eating psyllid eggs, while the parasitoid wasp Tamarixia triozae (Burks) was observed parasitizing potato psyllid nymphs. Overall, our survey verified the role of bittersweet nightshade as a potato psyllid host, while suggesting that other potato pests also use these plants. At the same time, we found that bittersweet nightshade patches were associated with species-rich communities of natural enemies. Additional work is needed to directly demonstrate movement of pests, and perhaps also predators, from bittersweet nightshade to potato fields.