Prosody and emotions
Prosody and emotions
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韵律和情感
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
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通讯作者：
S. Mozziconacci
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. Mozziconacci
情感言语的研究构成了一个多学科的研究领域。为了从这种跨学科性可能带来的相互丰富中受益，澄清特定领域的具体贡献似乎很重要。本文试图阐明韵律研究传统对言语情感表达研究的贡献类型。讨论了可能有助于表达性言语研究取得成果的方法论问题。有人认为，当音调变化在语调模型的理论框架中得到体现时，语调在言语中传达情感和态度的方式得到了最好的研究。使用这样的模型构建和减少数据，形式化描述，有利于参数的控制和结果的概括。事实证明，这种模型的使用在韵律领域非常有用，无论其类型如何。此外，这样的背景提供了一个机会来测试模型是否足以处理极端变化，例如情感言语中发生的变化。另一点是，对生产和感知的补充研究被认为是确定所研究的语音参数的交际意义的必要先决条件。还提醒每个实验中需要参考基线。此外，还讨论了区分 F 0 曲线的全局形状的描述（即髓心轮廓的类型）和该轮廓如何根据音高事件具体实现的描述之间的需要。关于轮廓类型的抽象语音信息和关于F 0 曲线的具体音高实现的具体语音信息都是相关的。当实验设计允许对每种效果及其组合效果进行独立研究时，对音高轮廓类型和详细音高实现的研究似乎特别有前途。这可能导致我们在韵律参数的研究中利用正交实验设计。最后，通过考虑关于语调的现有假设如何很好地解释其表达功能，可以对语调在语音通信中传达有意义的信息的功能提供一些启示。
The investigation of emotional speech constitutes quite a multidisciplinary research field. In order to benefit from the mutual enrichment that might result from this interdisciplinarity, it seems important to clarify what the specific contribution of a particular field can be. In this paper, an attempt is made to shed light on the type of contribution proposed by the tradition of studies of prosody to studies of expression of emotion in speech. Methodological issues that might contribute to the fruitfulness of studies of expressive speech are discussed. It is argued that the way intonation conveys emotion and attitude in speech is best studied when pitch variation is represented in the theoretical framework of a model of intonation. Using such a model structures and reduces the data, formalizes the description, facilitates control of parameters and generalization of results. The use of such a model has proven useful in the field of prosody, independently of its type. Moreover, such a context constitutes an opportunity to test the model’s adequacy for dealing with extreme variations such as those occurring in emotional speech. Another point is that complementary studies of production and perception are felt to be a necessary prerequisite for establishing the communicative significance of the investigated speech parameters. The need of a reference baseline in each experiment is also reminded. Furthermore, the need for drawing a distinction between the description of the global shape of the F 0 curve, i.e., the type of pith contour, and the description of how this contour is concretely implemented in terms of pitch events is also discussed. Both the abstract phonological information on the type of contour, and the concrete phonetic information on the concrete pitch implementation of the F 0 curve are pertinent. The investigation of type of pitch contour and detailed pitch implementation seems particularly promising when the experimental design is such as to allow the independent study of each effect, as well as their combined effect. This may lead us to make use of an orthogonal experimental design in the investigation of prosodic parameters. Finally, by considering how well existing assumptions about intonation account for its expressive functions, some light can be shed on the functionality of intonation for conveying meaningful information in speech communication.