An anatomical study of the human cardiac veins with special reference to the drainage of the great cardiac vein
An anatomical study of the human cardiac veins with special reference to the drainage of the great cardiac vein
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DOI：
10.1016/s0940-9602(03)80122-x
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Sasaki, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawashima, T;Sato, K;Sasaki, H
到目前为止，已经发表了许多病例报告，其主要目的是阐明上级腔静脉（SVC）的发展与持续性SVC。然而，只有少数系统的研究心脏静脉。因此，我们使用337个成人心脏对心脏静脉进行了宏观研究，以详细了解心脏的形态。从我们的研究中，我们得到了以下结果.持续性左上腔静脉（包括1例双侧上腔静脉）的发生率比以往报道高7例（2.1%）。我们观察到第二个病例，其中心大静脉直接引流到右SVC（第一个病例由Bergman等1988年报道）。心大静脉（GV）的引流方式从右上腔静脉向左上腔静脉变化较大，而心中静脉（MV）的引流方式和走行变化较小. GV和MV之间的排水边界分为3种类型：MV显性型123例中间型182例（36.5%）占54.0%，GV型占32例（9.5%）。根据我们的结果，我们推测MV在流入右心房之前由于其短过程而没有产生任何变化，而GV在流入右心房之前由于其长的过程而具有许多变化。在少数GV主导型中，可将引流至右心房的前（GV）和后（MV）路径之间的中间边界视为前侧而非心尖。
Many case reports in which the main aim was to clarify the development of the superior vena cava (SVC) with persistent SVC have so far been published. However, there have only been a few systematic studies of the cardiac veins. Therefore, we macroscopically investigated the cardiac veins using 337 human adult hearts to obtain a detailed understanding of the morphology of the heart. From our study, we obtained the following results.1. The frequency of persistent left SVC including one case of bilateral SVC was observed to be higher 7 cases (2.1%) than in previous reports.2. We observed a second case in which the great cardiac vein drained directly into the right SVC (the first case being reported by Bergman et al. 1988).3. Variations in the drainage of the great cardiac vein (GV) were observed from the right SVC to the left SVC, while the middle cardiac vein (MV) showed less variations of the drainage and course.4. The drainage boundary between the GV and MV was classified into 3 types: MV-dominant type in 123 cases (36.5%), intermediate type in 182 cases (54.0%), and GV-dominant type in 32 cases (9.5%).From our results, we speculated that the MV did not generate any variations due to its short course before draining into the right atrium, while the GV had many variations due to its long course before draining into the right atrium. From the few GV-dominant types, the halfway boundary between the anterior (GV) and posterior (MV) route for drainage into the right atrium could be considered to be the anterior side rather than the Apex cordis.