BIOCHEMICAL BASIS FOR THE RESISTANCE OF BARLEY TO APHIDS
BIOCHEMICAL BASIS FOR THE RESISTANCE OF BARLEY TO APHIDS
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DOI：
10.1016/0031-9422(93)85267-u
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发表时间：
1993-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
CORCUERA, LJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CORCUERA, LJ
大麦植株可能受到蚜虫的严重损害，主要是因为蚜虫可能传播病毒，带走必需的营养物质，破坏组织。本文综述了大麦对蚜虫可能的抗性因素，如形态防御和天然化学物质，这些已被证明或建议参与大麦对蚜虫的保护。提出了蜡、谷草碱、乌头酸、酚类物质和氨基酸所起作用的现有证据。讨论包括其他潜在的保护分子，如蛋白酶抑制剂，需要研究。环境胁迫也影响植物与蚜虫的相互作用，因为植物的化学成分发生了变化。水分胁迫增加对蚜虫的敏感性，NaCl和温度增加对蚜虫的抗性。相容的甘氨酸甜菜碱溶质在多种胁迫下积累，增加蚜虫的繁殖。温度和硝酸盐的可用性增加了叶片的谷氨酰胺含量，从而提高了对蚜虫的抵抗力。结论的总结和未来的观点侧重于环境胁迫对蚂蚁抗性的最重要作用，以及确定诱导抗性因素的必要性。
Barley plants may be severely damaged by aphids, mainly because they may transmit viruses, remove essential nutrients, and disrupt tissues. This review discusses possible resistance factors of this plant, such as morphological defences and natural chemicals that have been shown or suggested to be involved in protection of barley against aphids. The available evidence for the role played by waxes, gramine, aconitic acid, phenolics and amino acids is presented. A discussion is included on other potentially protective molecules, such as protease inhibitors, that need to be studied. Environmental stress also affects plant-aphid interactions because the chemical composition of the plant changes. Water stress increases susceptibility, and NaCl and temperature increase resistance to aphids. The compatible solute glycine betaine, which accumulates under several types of stress, increases reproduction of aphids. Temperature and availability of nitrates increase gramine content of the leaves and, therefore, resistance to the aphids. A summary of conclusions and future perspectives focuses on the paramount importance of environmental stress in ant resistance and on the need to identify inducible resistance factors.