The Magnetic Field of Jupiter: A Comparison of Radio Astronomy and Spacecraft Observations
The Magnetic Field of Jupiter: A Comparison of Radio Astronomy and Spacecraft Observations
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木星的磁场：射电天文学和航天器观测的比较
DOI：
10.1146/annurev.ea.07.050179.002125
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发表时间：
1979
影响因子：
14.9
通讯作者：
S. Gulkis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Smith;S. Gulkis
众所周知，木星具有很强的磁场。20世纪50年代中期，通过它在分米和分米波长的偏振射电发射首次向射电天文学家揭示了这个磁场，后来(1973和1974)先锋10号和先锋11号航天器上的磁力计直接采样，这两个航天器分别在木星2.84和1.59木星半径(RJ)范围内通过。在木星中心约10rJ的范围内，我们称之为内部磁层，磁场在第一近似值中是与行星内部电流相关的偶极场。在这个区域之外，行星磁场受到行星外部电流的影响，磁场明显偏离偶极子。最近关于现场磁场测量和射电天文测量的综述文章可以在T.Gehrels(1976)编辑的《木星》一书中找到。分米辐射的射电天文测量和现场测量提供了从大约1.6rJ到4rJ的重叠空间域中的磁场信息。连续的分米辐射在20世纪60年代初被成功地解释为来自被困在行星磁场中的相对论电子的同步辐射，这使得人们能够对磁场和被捕获粒子的性质做出有充分依据的推断。在重叠范围内，与木星矢偶极子磁矩的现场测量结果吻合较好。偶极矩为�4.2Gauss RJ，相对于木星倾斜�10°
The planet Jupiter is known to possess a strong magnetic field. First revealed to radio astronomers in the mid-1950s through its polarized radio emissions at decametric and decimetric wavelengths, the magnetic field was later ( 1973 and 1974) sampled directly by magnetometers on board the Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 1 1 spacecraft which passed within 2.84 and 1 .59 jovian radii (rJ) respectively of Jupiter. Within about 10rJ of the center of Jupiter, a region we call the inner magnetosphere, the magnetic field is in the first approximation a dipole field associated with currents interior to the planet. Outside of this region, the planetary magnetic field is affected by currents external to the planet and the field departs significantly from a dipole. Recent review articles of the in situ magnetic field measurements and of the radio astronomical measurements can be found in the book Jupiter edited by T. Gehrels (1976). The radio astronomical measurements of the decimetric radiation and the in situ measurements give information on the magnetic field in the overlapping spatial domain from about 1.6rJ to 4rJ. The continuous decimetric emissions, which were successfully interpreted in the early 1960s as synchrotron radiation from relativistic electrons trapped in a planetary magnetic field, have allowed well-founded inferences to be drawn regarding the properties of the field and the trapped particles. In the range of overlap, good agreement has been obtained with the in situ measurements of Jupiter's vector dipole magnetic moment. The dipole moment is �4.2 gauss rJ, is tilted � 10° with respect to Jupiter's