Experimental Investigation to Specify the Effect of Oxygenated Additive Content and Type on DI Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions
Experimental Investigation to Specify the Effect of Oxygenated Additive Content and Type on DI Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions
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DOI：
10.4271/2004-01-0097
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发表时间：
2004-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Zannis;D. Hountalas;D. A. Kouremenos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Zannis;D. Hountalas;D. A. Kouremenos
由于化石燃料储备的枯竭和排放法规的不断抑制，减少制动比耗和污染物排放成为柴油发动机设计人员未来面临的挑战。这些要求促使汽车工业将现代柴油发动机中的燃烧系统的开发与柴油燃料的适当再配制结合起来，并且激起了对开发清洁柴油燃料的兴趣。含氧燃料的使用似乎是减少现有和未来柴油机动车辆中颗粒物排放的有前途的解决方案。在生物柴油燃料的情况下，以较小的燃料消耗惩罚最大限度地减少颗粒排放的前景似乎是相当有吸引力的，生物柴油燃料被认为是一种替代能源。在扩散火焰和压燃式发动机中进行的研究表明，随着氧气百分比的增加，烟灰减少。然而，含氧添加剂的类型和氧含量对从现代直喷式柴油发动机获得的气体和颗粒排放的影响尚未得到充分研究。通过试验研究了氧含量和喷油嘴类型对直喷式柴油机性能和排放的影响。一种常规燃料和三种氧含量为0%至9%的含氧燃料被检查。该燃料通过将生物柴油化合物（RME）、二甘醇二甲醚和丁基二甘醇二甲醚与低硫柴油燃料以各种比例混合来制备。一个实验装置的准备和发动机测试进行自然吸气单缸里卡多Hydra研究发动机。在各种操作条件下进行测量。实验结果表明，缸内压力的增加，由于十六烷值的增加。此外，随着氧含量的增加，燃料热值略有下降，因此bsfc略有增加。随着氧含量的增加，着火延迟期减小，从而十六烷值增加。烟尘、一氧化碳和未燃碳氢化合物排放量显著减少，而当氧含量从3%增加到9%时，一氧化氮排放量增加。当用二甘醇二甲醚和丁基-二甘醇二甲醚的混合物代替油菜籽甲酯时观察到类似的效果，并且氧百分比保持不变。如所揭示的，在现代DI柴油发动机中使用升高百分比（30质量%）的含氧添加剂可以实现排气管烟灰的减少，而不会对bsfc和NOx排放产生总体上相当大的影响。
The reduction of brake specific consumption and pollutant emissions are issued as future challenges to diesel engine designers due to the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and to the continuous suppression of emission regulations. These mandates have prompted the automotive industry to couple the development of combustion systems in modern diesel engines with an adequate reformulation of diesel fuels and have stirred interest in the development of clean diesel fuels. The use of oxygenated fuels seems to be a promising solution towards reducing particulate emissions in existing and future diesel motor vehicles. The prospective of minimizing particulate emissions with small fuel consumption penalties seems to be quite attractive in the case of biodiesel fuels, which are considered as an alternative power source. Studies conducted in diffusion flames and compression ignition engines have shown a reduction of soot with increasing oxygen percentage. However, the effects of the type of oxygenated additive and oxygen content on gaseous and particulate emissions obtained from modern DI diesel engines have not been fully investigated. An experimental investigation is conducted to determine the effect of oxygen content and oxygenate type on DI diesel engine performance and emissions. One conventional and three oxygenated fuels are examined having an oxygen content ranging from 0% to 9%. The fuels are prepared by blending a biodiesel compound (RME), Diglyme and Butyl-Diglyme with a low sulfur diesel fuel in various proportions. An experimental installation is prepared and engine tests are conducted on a naturally aspirated single-cylinder Ricardo Hydra research engine. The measurements are carried out at various operating conditions. The experimental findings reveal an increase of in-cylinder pressure due to the increase of cetane number. In addition, a slight increase of bsfc is observed due to the small decrease of fuel heating value with the increase of the oxygen content. A decrease of ignition delay is observed with increasing oxygen content following thus, the increase of cetane number. A considerable reduction of soot, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon emissions is witnessed while; nitric monoxide emissions are increased when the oxygen content is increased from 3% to 9%. Similar effects are observed when replacing the rapeseed methyl ester with a mixture of diglyme and butyl-diglyme and the oxygen percentage remains unaltered. As revealed, a reduction of tailpipe soot without overall considerable penalties in bsfc and NO x emissions can be achieved in modem DI diesel engines using oxygenated additives at elevated percentages (30% by mass).