Dietary stability inferred from dental mesowear analysis in large ungulates from Rancho La Brea and opportunistic feeding during the late Pleistocene
Dietary stability inferred from dental mesowear analysis in large ungulates from Rancho La Brea and opportunistic feeding during the late Pleistocene
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DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110360
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发表时间：
2021-03-25
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Binder，Wendy J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen，Joshua E.;DeSantis，Larisa R. G.;Binder，Wendy J.
兰乔拉布雷亚地区是世界著名的沥青沉积物，捕获和保存晚更新世巨型动物在过去的50,000年。这些丰富的古生物学数据可以详细调查从末次盛冰期到全新世的古生态变化。在这里，我们使用牙齿mesowear分析推断饮食行为在野牛antiquus，马oceanentalis，和Camelops hesternus从五个存款（“坑”）跨越最新更新世：坑77，91，13，3，和61/67。对每个分类群的坑之间的中重度进行了比较，并使用现代数据集进行了判别函数和后验概率分析，以预测Rancho La Brea的饮食类别。已发表的更新世晚期野牛，马和骆驼从其他地方的mesowear评分被纳入判别函数和后验概率分析，以评估地区之间的饮食差异。每一分类群的Mesowear没有不同的坑。后验概率和判别函数分析恢复E. occupationalisas严格grazer与B. antiquusandC. Hesternus恢复为混合饲养者。通过最新更新世的mesowear分数的稳定性表明，这些食草动物的平均饮食并没有显着改变在兰乔拉布雷亚。这与气候和加州南部植物群代理记录的变化形成对比。然而，目前还不清楚这些代理是否代表了兰乔拉布雷亚的气候和花卉变化。更新世晚期马属、野牛和驼鹿种群的中耳评分表明，马属的饮食变异性很小，野牛的饮食变异性中等，而驼鹿的饮食变异性很高。这些分析表明，大型有蹄类动物在其摄食策略中可能更具机会主义，并强调需要使用多个代理来阐明食草动物的饮食行为
The Rancho La Brea locality is world famous for asphaltic deposits that trapped and preserved late Pleistocene megafauna over the last 50,000 years. This wealth of paleontological data allows for detailed investigation into paleoecological changes through the last glacial maximum into the Holocene. Here, we used dental mesowear analyses to infer dietary behavior inBison antiquus,Equus occidentalis, andCamelops hesternusfrom five deposits (“pits”) spanning the latest Pleistocene: pits 77, 91, 13, 3, and 61/67. Mesowear was compared among pits for each taxon and discriminant function and posterior probability analyses were conducted using a modern dataset to predict dietary categories at Rancho La Brea. Published mesowear scores from late PleistoceneBison,EquusandCamelopsfrom other localities were included in the discriminant function and posterior probability analyses to assess dietary variability among regions. Mesowear for each taxon did not differ among pits. Posterior probabilities and discriminant function analyses recoveredE. occidentalisas a strict grazer withB. antiquusandC. hesternusrecovered as mixed feeders. The stability of mesowear scores through the latest Pleistocene suggests average diets of these herbivores did not significantly change at Rancho La Brea. This is in contrast to documented changes in climate and flora proxies of southern California. However, it is unclear whether these proxies are representative of climate and floral changes at Rancho La Brea. Mesowear scores from late Pleistocene populations ofEquus,Bison, andCamelopsindicate little variability in diet inEquus, modest variability inBison, and high variability inCamelops. These analyses suggest large ungulates may have been more opportunistic in their feeding strategies and highlights the need for using multiple proxies to clarify dietary behavior of herbivores