CONTRIBUTION OF ANAEROBIC PROTOZOA AND METHANOGENS TO HINDGUT METABOLIC-ACTIVITIES OF THE AMERICAN COCKROACH, PERIPLANETA-AMERICANA
CONTRIBUTION OF ANAEROBIC PROTOZOA AND METHANOGENS TO HINDGUT METABOLIC-ACTIVITIES OF THE AMERICAN COCKROACH, PERIPLANETA-AMERICANA
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.58.8.2565-2570.1992
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发表时间：
1992-08-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
BARUGAHARE, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GIJZEN, HJ;BARUGAHARE, M
纤毛卵巢卵形的卵形发生在美国蟑螂（美国periplaneta amentera）的后肠和内共生菌中的甲烷基细菌中。通过比较蟑螂的培养物，研究了后肠微生物种群的组成以各种方式改变了蟑螂，研究了这些后肠微生物对美国疟原虫的代谢和发育过程的贡献。养育昆虫的原生动物无原始，导致昆虫产生时间增加，减少成人体重以及缺乏甲烷的产生。在第二代昆虫的发展过程中恢复了含有卵巢和甲烷的原生动物成年蟑螂在含有卵巢和甲烷的后肠悬浮液中，甲烷增加到正常的价值和昆虫体重。喂养无原生动物的蟑螂的后肠悬浮液，该悬浮液没有卵形的悬浮液，导致甲烷产量增加到正常甲烷生产水平的约20％。这表明，卵乳杆菌的甲烷植物内共生体是后肠甲烷产生的主要来源。通过在正常蟑螂培养的饮用水中添加溴硫代硫酸来抑制甲烷剂，从而降低了甲烷的产生降至正常水平的2％。未观察到对昆虫体重的影响或椭圆形生物的数量，但是后肠中的发酵模式转向了丙酸水平的相对增加。对于用溴乙烷酸处理的后肠微生物的体外培养物获得了类似的结果。结果表明，后肠原生动物在蟑螂代谢活性中，尤其是在昆虫生长期间。蟑螂和其他产生甲烷的木质昆虫产生的相对大量的甲烷表明昆虫对全球甲烷产生产生了重大贡献。
The ciliate Nyctotherus ovalis occurs in high numbers in the hindgut of the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) and harbors methanogenic bacteria as endosymbionts. The contribution of these hindgut microorganisms to metabolic and developmental processes of P. americana was studied by comparing cultures of cockroaches in which the composition of the hindgut microbial population was altered in various ways. Rearing the insects protozoan free resulted in increased insect generation time, decreased adult body weight, and absence of methane production. After feeding of protozoan-free adult cockroaches with a hindgut suspension containing N. ovalis and methanogens, methane increased to normal values and insect body weight was restored during the development of the second generation of insects. Feeding the protozoan-free cockroaches a hindgut suspension which was made free of N. ovalis resulted in an increase in methane production to only about 20% of the normal methane production level. This suggests that the methanogenic endosymbionts of N. ovalis are the major source of methane production in the hindgut. Inhibition of methanogens by addition of bromoethanesulfonic acid to the drinking water of a normal cockroach culture resulted in a reduction of methane production to about 2% of the normal level. No effects on insect body weight or the number of N. ovalis organisms were observed, but the fermentation pattern in the hindgut was shifted towards a relative increase in propionate levels. Similar results were obtained for in vitro cultures of hindgut microorganisms treated with bromoethanesulfonic acid. The results suggest a major role for hindgut protozoa in cockroach metabolic activities, especially during the insect growth period. The relatively large amounts of methane produced by cockroaches and by other methane-producing xylophagous insects suggest a major contribution by insects to global methane production.