Convergent and divergent genetic changes in the genome of Chinese and European pigs
Convergent and divergent genetic changes in the genome of Chinese and European pigs
复制标题
中国和欧洲猪基因组的趋同和趋异遗传变化
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-09061-z
复制
发表时间：
2017-08-17
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Zhao, Yiqiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Jing;Zou, Huiying;Zhao, Yiqiang
自公元前10,000年以来，持续的人类选择导致了猪(Sus Scrofa)驯化过程中剧烈的遗传和表型变化。通过对257个个体的全基因组分析，我们证明了人工单向选择和双向选择是形成中国家猪(CHD)和欧洲家猪(EUD)趋同和发散变化的主要力量。我们在单向选择区发现了31个基因，这些基因可能与猪的基本驯化要求有关。这些基因主要属于与神经系统、肌肉发育有关的类别，特别是与代谢疾病有关的类别。此外，由于CHD和EUD具有不同的瘦肉率和繁殖性状，在双向选择中发现了35个基因，代表了不同的育种偏好。趋同的遗传变化，有助于生理和形态适应，代表了猪驯化的共同关注。而不同的遗传变化反映了中国和欧洲猪之间不同的育种目标。以ITPR3、AHR和NMU为例，我们探索和验证了遗传变异对表型变化的贡献。
Since 10,000 BC, continuous human selection has led to intense genetic and phenotypic changes in pig (Sus scrofa) domestication. Through whole genome analysis of 257 individuals, we demonstrated artificial unidirectional and bidirectional selection as the primary force to shape the convergent and divergent changes between Chinese domestic pigs (CHD) and European domestic pigs (EUD). We identified 31 genes in unidirectional selection regions that might be related to fundamental domestication requirements in pigs. And these genes belong predominantly to categories related to the nervous system, muscle development, and especially to metabolic diseases. In addition, 35 genes, representing different breeding preference, were found under bidirectional selection for the distinct leanness and reproduction traits between CHD and EUD. The convergent genetic changes, contributing physical and morphological adaption, represent the common concerns on pig domestication. And the divergent genetic changes reflect distinct breeding goals between Chinese and European pigs. UsingITPR3, AHRandNMUas examples, we explored and validated how the genetic variations contribute to the phenotype changes.