Low Social Status Markers: Do They Predict Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence?
Low Social Status Markers: Do They Predict Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence?
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DOI：
10.1007/s12552-011-9047-1
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发表时间：
2011-07
影响因子：
3.1
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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社会劣势的一些标志与青少年的抑郁症状密切相关：女性和较低的社会经济地位（SES）分别。另一些则模糊地联系在一起，特别是黑人与白人的种族/民族。很少有研究考察性别、社会经济地位和种族/民族等社会不利因素是否能共同预测青少年自我报告的抑郁症状；这就是我们的目标。对来自非西班牙裔黑人和白人青少年（N = 1,263, 50.4%为女性）的社会经济多样化社区队列研究数据进行了二次分析。多变量一般线性模型测试了女性性别、黑人种族/民族和较低的社会经济地位（由父母教育和家庭收入评估），以及它们的相互作用是否预测了流行病学研究中心抑郁量表上报告的更大的抑郁症状。模型调整年龄和青春期状态。单变量分析显示，女性、黑人和社会地位较低的参与者有更多的抑郁症状。多变量模型显示，两个种族/民族的女性都报告了更大的抑郁症状；黑人比白人表现出更多的抑郁症状，但当考虑到社会经济地位时，这种联系就消失了。探索性分析表明，黑人从社会地位增加中获得的心理健康益处较少。然而，性别、种族/民族或社会经济地位之间没有统计学上显著的相互作用。综上所述，我们得出结论，在性别、种族/民族和社会经济地位较低的领域中，复杂的模式可以预测青少年的抑郁症状。
Some markers of social disadvantage are associated robustly with depressive symptoms among adolescents: female gender and lower socioeconomic status (SES), respectively. Others are associated equivocally, notably Black v. White race/ethnicity. Few studies examine whether markers of social disadvantage by gender, SES, and race/ethnicity jointly predict self-reported depressive symptoms during adolescence; this was our goal. Secondary analyses were conducted on data from a socioeconomically diverse community-based cohort study of non-Hispanic Black and White adolescents (N = 1,263, 50.4% female). Multivariable general linear models tested if female gender, Black race/ethnicity, and lower SES (assessed by parent education and household income), and their interactions predicted greater depressive symptoms reported on the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale. Models adjusted for age and pubertal status. Univariate analyses revealed more depressive symptoms in females, Blacks, and participants with lower SES. Multivariable models showed females across both racial/ethnic groups reported greater depressive symptoms; Blacks demonstrated more depressive symptoms than did Whites but when SES was included this association disappeared. Exploratory analyses suggested Blacks gained less mental health benefit from increased SES. However there were no statistically significant interactions among gender, race/ethnicity, or SES. Taken together, we conclude that complex patterning among low social status domains within gender, race/ethnicity, and SES predicts depressive symptoms among adolescents.