Greenhouse gas emissions of electricity and biomethane produced using the Biogasdoneright™ system: four case studies from Italy
Greenhouse gas emissions of electricity and biomethane produced using the Biogasdoneright™ system: four case studies from Italy
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使用 Biogasdoneright™ 系统生产的电力和生物甲烷的温室气体排放：来自意大利的四个案例研究
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Stefano Bozzetto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Valli;L. Rossi;C. Fabbri;F. Sibilla;Piero Gattoni;B. Dale;Seungdo Kim;R. Ong;Stefano Bozzetto
我们之前报道过用于农场沼气生产的Biogasdoneright™系统。这一创新系统采用连续（全年）种植，从农业生物质（主要是纤维素材料）中生产粮食和能源。本文使用边际分析方法来估计目前运营的四个意大利沼气厂所产生的电力和生物甲烷的生命周期温室气体排放（ghg），这些沼气厂处理各种农业原料、残留物和副产品。沼气在农场燃烧产生电能，然后输出到电网。该农场生产的电力的边际生命周期温室气体排放量为每千瓦时（kWh） 335至25克二氧化碳。相比之下，欧盟（EU）化石燃料发电的边际温室气体排放量为每千瓦时752克二氧化碳。沼气也可以升级为生产管道质量的生物甲烷，这是天然气的直接替代品。Biogasdoneright™工厂可能产生的生物甲烷的边际温室气体在每兆焦耳（MJ） 10至36克二氧化碳之间，而传统沼气工厂的相应数字为每兆焦耳27克二氧化碳。欧盟的天然气每兆焦耳产生72克二氧化碳，欧盟的边际化石燃料每兆焦耳产生115克二氧化碳。负温室气体排放主要来自避免排放的农业废水和残留物。©2017化学工业协会和约翰威利父子有限公司
We reported previously on the Biogasdoneright™ system for on‐farm biogas production. This innovative system employs sequential (year‐round) cropping to produce both food and energy from agricultural biomass, primarily cellulosic materials. This paper uses a marginal analysis approach to estimate the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) of electricity and biomethane produced by four currently operating Italian biogas plants that process various agricultural feedstocks, residues, and by‐products. The biogas is burned on‐farm to generate electricity that is then exported to the grid. The marginal lifecycle GHGs of this farm‐produced electricity range from ‐335 to 25 grams CO2 per kilowatt hour (kWh). By comparison, the marginal GHGs of electricity generated by fossil fuels in the European Union (EU) is 752 grams CO2 per kWh. The biogas might also be upgraded to produce pipeline‐quality biomethane, a direct substitute for natural gas. The marginal lifecycle GHGs of biomethane potentially produced from the Biogasdoneright™ plants range from 10 to ‐36 grams CO2 per megajoule (MJ) while the corresponding figure for a conventional biogas plant is 27 grams CO2 per MJ. Natural gas in the EU produces 72 grams CO2 per MJ and marginal fossil fuel in the EU generates 115 grams CO2 per MJ. Negative GHG emissions arise largely from avoided emissions of agricultural effluents and residues. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd