Paleodemography of the early modern human skeletons from Kumejima (Okinawa, Japan).
Paleodemography of the early modern human skeletons from Kumejima (Okinawa, Japan).
复制标题
久米岛（日本冲绳）早期现代人类骨骼的古人口学。
DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2014.11.015
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
and K. Hirata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nagaoka;T.;H. Ishida;and K. Hirata
由于缺乏日本周边地区的人口统计数据，人们对前现代日本人口结构的人口变异性知之甚少。本研究调查了久米岛（冲绳）早期现代农学家的人类骨骼遗骸，并根据洛夫乔伊等人的耳表面老化系统估计了死亡年龄分布。巴克贝里和张伯伦揭示了前现代日本的人口趋势。研究的材料包括221具现代早期人类骨骼遗骸，来自八知之釜钟乳石洞穴和久米岛的Kanjinbaru遗址。贝叶斯定理应用于巴克贝里和张伯伦的死亡年龄估计是基于日本和Spitalfields（英国）的已知年龄的现代收集，假设统一，参考和模型先验概率。尽管老化方法存在差异，但获得了一些一致的结果：1）日本骨骼系列显示过去死亡年龄结构的变异性; 2）与绳文、鄂霍次克和镰仓人群相比，久米岛人群中老年人的比例较高，但与江户人群相比，老年人的比例相似或略高。这项研究的结果表明，久米岛可能是前现代日本最长寿的人群之一。它们还揭示了无法从历史或人种学记录中重建的人口趋势。
Little is known about the population variability of the demographic structure in premodern Japan, because of the lack of demographic data from regions peripheral to Japan. This study examines the human skeletal remains of early modern agriculturalists in Kumejima (Okinawa) and estimates age-at-death distributions using systems of auricular surface aging following Lovejoy et al. and Buckberry and Chamberlain to reveal demographic trends in premodern Japan. The materials studied consisted of 221 human skeletal remains of the early modern period from the Yacchi-no-gama stalactite cave and Kanjinbaru sites in Kumejima. Application of the Bayesian theorem to Buckberry and Chamberlain's age-at-death estimation was based on known-age modern collections from Japan and Spitalfields (UK), assuming uniform, reference, and model prior probabilities. Despite the differences in aging methodologies, some consistent results were obtained: 1) the Japanese skeletal series showed variability in age-at-death structure in the past and 2) the Kumejima contained higher proportions of elderly individuals compared to the Jomon, Okhotsk, and Kamakura populations, but had similar or slightly higher proportions of elderly compared to/than populations from Edo. The results of this study imply that the Kumejima might have been one of the most long-lived populations in premodern Japan. They also revealed demographic trends that could not otherwise be reconstructed from historical or ethnological records.