Conservation science needs new institutional models for achieving outcomes
Conservation science needs new institutional models for achieving outcomes
复制标题
保护科学需要新的制度模式来取得成果
DOI：
10.1002/fee.1951
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
Raik, Daniela
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerber, Leah R;Raik, Daniela
地球正经历着日益迅速的环境变化，带来了深刻的生态和社会后果。在保护科学和将这些知识应用于政策和决策之间存在着差距。可以说，保护科学没有跟上生物多样性日益受到威胁和丧失的步伐。为环境变化做好准备需要新的制度模式--知识生成、决策、实施和学习的治理安排--不仅要培养创新，还要在实现保护成果的背景下这样做。然而，不同部门和行业对生物多样性的评价方式各不相同，有关生物多样性保护的知识也是支离破碎的。从历史上看，非政府组织的工作人员一直呆在“象牙塔”里，而非政府组织的工作人员则应对“危机”，各自的能力很少相互促进。尽管人们普遍认识到迫切需要解决生物多样性丧失问题，但在保护科学方面取得成果所需的知识往往无法获得或与决策者无关，而且也可能不完整。我们取得的进展不够快，也不够广泛，无法遏制生物多样性丧失的总体趋势。这并不是因为我们缺乏答案，而是因为我们没有以能够在快速变化的世界中有效解决生物多样性损失的驱动因素的方式进行合作。这是社会的损失，因为调查不能满足行动的需要。实际的改变必须来自学术机构，至少部分来自学术机构，以便有意义地扩大行动能力保护科学的作用。一些大学
Earth is experiencing increasingly rapid environmental change with profound eco logical and societal consequences. A gap persists between the science of conserva tion and the application of this knowledge to policy and decision making. Arguably, conservation science is not keeping pace with the increasing threats to, and loss of, biodiversity. Preparing for environmental changes requires new institutional models–governance arrangements for knowl edge generation, decision making, implementation and learning–that not only cultivate innovation but also do so in the context of achieving conservation outcomes.Producing knowledge in conservation science that informs concrete action is of public value. Yet, the way that biodiver sity is valued varies across sectors and industries, and knowledge about biodi versity conservation is fragmented and compartmentalized. Historically, aca demics have remained in “ivory towers” while those who work for non governmental organizations (NGOs) respond to “crises”, and there is little cross fertilization of respective capaci ties. Despite broad recognition of the pressing need to address biodiversity loss, the knowledge required to achieve outcomes in conservation science is often inaccessible or irrelevant to deci sion makers and may also be incomplete. We are simply not making headway fast enough, or broadly enough, to stem the overall trend of biodiversity loss. This is not because we lack answers but because we are not collaborating in ways that can effectively address the drivers of biodi versity loss in a rapidly changing world. This represents a loss to society, where inquiry fails to match the needs of action. Practical change must come–at least in part–from academic institutions in order to meaningfully expand the role of action able conservation science. Some universi