Lesbian Motherhood: Gender, Families and Sexual Citizenship
Lesbian Motherhood: Gender, Families and Sexual Citizenship
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女同性恋母亲：性别、家庭和性公民身份
DOI：
10.1080/14616691003665729
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Naomi Rudoe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naomi Rudoe
本书借鉴了爱尔兰和瑞典女同性恋母亲身份的比较实证研究，探讨了当代亲属关系背景下的女同性恋父母身份。这两种状态提供了令人着迷的对比，并让我们深入了解研究中的女同性恋母亲如何构建她们的家庭，常常面临许多实际、社会和法律困难。瑞安-弗拉德将这些女同性恋父母定位为社会参与者和公民，研究他们的权利如何受到国家政策的影响以及他们如何协商日常空间。两国不同的社会政策和对家庭形式的理解意味着爱尔兰的传统家庭结构与瑞典更广泛的女性劳动力市场和男性儿童照顾参与形成鲜明对比。这些文化因素在女性踏上为人父母之旅的方式中发挥了独特的作用。在进行这项研究时（主要在 2000 年/2001 年进行），捐赠授精仅适用于瑞典的已婚异性夫妇，而在爱尔兰，理论上女同性恋者可以进行捐赠授精，但实际上这往往很困难。由于瑞典强大的参与式父亲模式，对于研究中的瑞典女同性恋者来说，拥有一位已知的捐赠者更为重要，而且通常要对孩子进行一些参与。亲生父亲的重要性体现在孩子“有权”了解其亲生父亲的话语中，瑞典参与者也经常强调男性榜样在孩子生活中的重要性。他们经常付出巨大的努力来寻找愿意参与的捐赠者，有时是一位男同性恋捐赠者，觉得他会对孩子更加忠诚，并且在有了自己的孩子后不太可能失去兴趣。相比之下，爱尔兰参与者不希望捐赠者参与其中，并认为选择一个未知的捐赠者可以保护他们免受监护权之争的威胁，但通常会这样做的基础是，如果孩子有兴趣，可以稍后让孩子知道捐赠者的身份。在这两种情况下，参与者都表达了对亲子关系知识的偏好，强调了生物学起源对自我概念的重要性。参与者最常通过询问友谊网络来寻找捐赠者；几位瑞典参与者发表或回答
This book examines lesbian parenthood in the context of contemporary kinship, drawing on comparative empirical research into lesbian motherhood in Ireland and Sweden. These two states provide a fascinating contrast and an insight into how the lesbian mothers in the study construct their families, often in the face of much practical, social and legal difficulty. Ryan-Flood locates these lesbian parents as social actors and as citizens, examining how their rights are affected by state policies and how they negotiate everyday spaces. Differing social policies and understandings of family forms in the two countries mean that traditional family formations in Ireland contrast with wider female labour market and male child caring participation in Sweden. These cultural factors played a distinct role in the ways in which the women embarked on their journeys to parenthood. At the time of the research (conducted mostly in 2000 /2001), donor insemination was only available to married heterosexual couples in Sweden, while in Ireland lesbians were in theory able to access it, but this was often difficult in practice. Due to the powerful model of participatory fatherhood in Sweden, it was more important to the Swedish lesbians in the study to have a known donor, often with some involvement with the child. The importance of biological fatherhood was expressed in discourses of the child’s ‘right’ to know its biological father and the Swedish participants also often stressed the importance of a male role model in their child’s life. They often went to immense effort to search for a donor who would be involved, sometimes for a gay male donor, feeling that he would be more committed to the child and less likely to lose interest after having his own children. In contrast, the Irish participants did not want involvement from the donor and felt that selecting an unknown donor would protect them from the threat of custody battles, but often proceeded on the basis that the donor’s identity could be made known to the child later if the child was interested. In both cases participants expressed a preference for knowledge of paternity, emphasising the importance of biological origins to notions of selfhood. Participants searched for donors most commonly by enquiring in friendship networks; several Swedish participants placed or answered