Phytoplankton across Tropical and Subtropical Regions of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Phytoplankton across Tropical and Subtropical Regions of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0151699
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Vidal M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Estrada M;Delgado M;Blasco D;Latasa M;Cabello AM;Benítez-Barrios V;Fraile-Nuez E;Mozetič P;Vidal M
我们研究了 Malaspina-2010 探险期间（2010 年 12 月至 2011 年 7 月）从 145 个海洋站收集的纳米和微型浮游植物的大规模分布模式，这些站位于 3 m 深度、20% 光照水平和地下叶绿素最大值的深度，覆盖了大西洋、印度洋和太平洋的 15 个生物地理省份，北纬 35° 到南纬 40°。一般来说，水体是分层的，表层营养贫乏，纳米和微型浮游生物（为简单起见，下文称为浮游植物，尽管也包括异养原生生物）群落以甲藻、其他鞭毛虫和颗石藻为主，而硅藻的贡献仅在营养线较浅的区域（例如赤道上升流区域）很重要。我们对 76 个最常见分类群的丰度（对数变换后）之间的相关矩阵应用主成分分析，以综合浮游植物数据集中包含的信息。确定的主要变异趋势包括： 1） 透光带上部和下部群落组成的对比，分别用第一主成分的正分或负分表示，与甲藻类群呈正相关，如 Oxytoxum minutum 和 Scrippsiella spp.，以及颗石藻 Discosphaera tubeifera 和 Syracosphaera pulchra (HOL 和 HET)，以及与 Ophiaster Hydroideus（颗石藻）和几种硅藻等类群呈负相关，2）甲藻、颗石藻和纤毛虫类群丰度较高的浮游植物丰富区域与浮游植物贫乏区域之间的一般丰度梯度（第二个主要成分），3）大西洋、印度洋和太平洋之间优势浮游植物和纤毛虫类群的差异（第三个主要组成部分） 4）在分歧区域出现了以硅藻为主的组合（第四主成分组合），包括几个羽状类群、Planktoniella sol、Hemiaulus hauckii 和 Pseudo-nitzschia spp.。我们的研究结果表明，可以识别出一致的共存浮游植物类群组合，并且它们的分布可以通过不同程度的环境和历史影响的组合来最好地解释。
We examine the large-scale distribution patterns of the nano- and microphytoplankton collected from 145 oceanic stations, at 3 m depth, the 20% light level and the depth of the subsurface chlorophyll maximum, during the Malaspina-2010 Expedition (December 2010-July 2011), which covered 15 biogeographical provinces across the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans, between 35°N and 40°S. In general, the water column was stratified, the surface layers were nutrient-poor and the nano- and microplankton (hereafter phytoplankton, for simplicity, although it included also heterotrophic protists) community was dominated by dinoflagellates, other flagellates and coccolithophores, while the contribution of diatoms was only important in zones with shallow nutriclines such as the equatorial upwelling regions. We applied a principal component analysis to the correlation matrix among the abundances (after logarithmic transform) of the 76 most frequent taxa to synthesize the information contained in the phytoplankton data set. The main trends of variability identified consisted of: 1) A contrast between the community composition of the upper and the lower parts of the euphotic zone, expressed respectively by positive or negative scores of the first principal component, which was positively correlated with taxa such as the dinoflagellates Oxytoxum minutum and Scrippsiella spp., and the coccolithophores Discosphaera tubifera and Syracosphaera pulchra (HOL and HET), and negatively correlated with taxa like Ophiaster hydroideus (coccolithophore) and several diatoms, 2) a general abundance gradient between phytoplankton-rich regions with high abundances of dinoflagellate, coccolithophore and ciliate taxa, and phytoplankton-poor regions (second principal component), 3) differences in dominant phytoplankton and ciliate taxa among the Atlantic, the Indian and the Pacific oceans (third principal component) and 4) the occurrence of a diatom-dominated assemblage (the fourth principal component assemblage), including several pennate taxa, Planktoniella sol, Hemiaulus hauckii and Pseudo-nitzschia spp., in the divergence regions. Our findings indicate that consistent assemblages of co-occurring phytoplankton taxa can be identified and that their distribution is best explained by a combination in different degrees of both environmental and historical influences.