CONTEMPORANEOUS DISEQUILIBRIUM, A NEW HYPOTHESIS TO EXPLAIN PARADOX PLANKTON
CONTEMPORANEOUS DISEQUILIBRIUM, A NEW HYPOTHESIS TO EXPLAIN PARADOX PLANKTON
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.67.4.1710
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发表时间：
1970-01-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
GOLDMAN, CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
RICHERSO.P;ARMSTRON.R;GOLDMAN, CR
湖泊浮游植物的多样性出乎意料地高，因为湖泊的表层不断混合，预计初级生产者可能只有一个或最多几个生态位。然而，来自加利福尼亚州卡斯尔莱克的一系列仔细复制的样本显示，许多浮游植物物种具有高度的斑块性，这表明相对于藻类的繁殖速度而言，混合速度足够慢，足以使许多不同的生态位同时存在。在加利福尼亚州和内华达州的太浩湖测量的单位生物量比率的生产力表明，即使是在这个极度贫营养的湖泊中，碳的周转时间也往往不到 1 天。高多样性与该湖中单位生物量的高生产力和高浮游动物种群有关。因此，解释该湖浮游植物多样性的同期不平衡模型是非常合理的。在任何时候，都会存在许多水域，其中一个物种相对于其他物种具有竞争优势。这些水团足够稳定，允许浮游植物中出现相当程度的斑块，但它们被频繁地消除，足以防止单个物种独占每个生态位。
The diversity of lake phytoplankton is unexpectedly high, since the epilimnion of a lake is continuously mixing and might be expected to have only one or at most a few niches for primary producers. However, a carefully replicated series of samples from Castle Lake, Calif., showed a high degree of patchiness for many phytoplankton species, indicating that the rate of mixing is slow enough relative to the reproductive rate of the algae for many different niches to exist simultaneously. Productivity per unit biomass ratios, measured at Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada, shows that the turnover times for carbon in even this ultraoligotrophic lake are often less than 1 day. High diversity is associated with high productivity per unit biomass and high zooplankton populations in this lake.A contemporaneous disequilibrium model to explain the diversity of the lake phytoplankton is therefore highly plausible. At any one time, many patches of water exist in which one species is at a competitive advantage relative to the others. These water masses are stable enough to permit a considerable degree of patchiness to occur in phytoplankton, but are obliterated frequently enough to prevent the exclusive occupation of each niche by a single species.